Effect pigments
Effect pigments based on Al 2 O 3 flakes with high weather resistance and less photoactivity and to their use thereof in paints, industrial coatings, automotive coatings, printing inks, cosmetic formulations. The effect pigments have a ratio of the amount by weight of Al 2 O 3 of the Al 2 O 3 flake and the amount by weight of the metal oxide(s) of the coating layer(s) in the range of from 27:73 to 83:17 based on the total weight of the effect pigment.
1. An effect pigment based on an Al 2 O 3 flake which comprises:
an Al 2 O 3 flake coated with one or more layers of a metal oxide and/or a metal oxide mixture: wherein the ratio of the amount by weight of Al 2 O 3 of the Al 2 O 3 flake to the amount by weight of the metal oxide(s) of the coating layer(s) is in the range of from 27:73 to 83:17 based on the total weight of the effect pigment; wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake has a standard deviation of thickness distribution of less than 80; and
wherein the effect pigment contains on the surface a protective layer that is an organic compound, wherein the organic compound is a coupling agent selected from the group consisting of organosilanes, organoaluminates, organotitanates and zirconates, wherein the protective layer contains at least one rare earth metal oxide or hydroxide in an amount of 0.2-2 wt % based on the total weight of the effect pigment, 0.2-2 wt. % of SiO 2 , 0.2-4 wt. % of Al 2 O 3 and/or ZrO 2 and 1-10 wt. % of the organic compound; and
wherein the effect pigment contains only one protective layer and/or the thickness of the protective layer is from 1-5 nm.
2. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake is coated on the surface with one or two metal oxide layers.
3. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake is doped with TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , SiO 2 , SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 or ZnO or a combination thereof.
4. The effect pigment according to claim 3 , wherein the amount of doping is 0.01-5% by weight based on the Al 2 O 3 flake.
5. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake is doped with TiO 2 or ZnO.
6. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the particle thickness of the Al 2 O 3 flake is in the range of 130-500 nm.
7. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake has a standard deviation of thickness distribution of from 5 to 60.
8. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake is coated to provide the following layer sequence:
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+Fe 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+Fe 3 O 4
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +Fe 3 O 4
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +SiO 2 +TiO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +MgO*SiO 2 +TiO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+Fe 2 O 3 +SiO 2 +TiO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 +SiO 2 +TiO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +SiO 2 +TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3 +SiO 2 +TiO 2 /Fe 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +SiO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +Al 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+SnO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+SnO 2 +Fe 2 O 3
Al 2 O 3 flake+SnO 2 +TiO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+ZrO 2
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +Prussian Blue
Al 2 O 3 flake+TiO 2 +Carmine Red,
wherein a / mark indicates a mixed oxide.
9. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake is coated with TiO 2 in the rutile or anatase modification.
10. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the Al 2 O 3 flake is coated with TiO 2 in the rutile modification.
11. A formulation which comprises an effect pigment according to claim 1 , which formulation is a formulation for: paints; coatings; automobile coatings; automotive finishing; industrial coatings; powder coatings; printing inks; security printing inks; plastics; ceramic materials; cosmetics; glasses; paper; paper coating; toners for electrophotographic printing processes; seeds; greenhouse sheeting or tarpaulins; thermally conductive, self-supporting, electrically insulating, flexible sheets for the insulation of machines or devices; an absorber in the laser marking of paper and plastics; an absorber in the laser welding of plastics; pigment pastes with water; organic and/or aqueous solvents; a pigment preparation; or a dry pigment preparation.
12. A formulation containing one or more effect pigments according to claim 1 , which further comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of: water, polyols, polar and nonpolar oils, fats, waxes, film formers, polymers, copolymers, surfactants, free-radical scavengers, antioxidants, stabilisers, odour enhancers, silicone oils, emulsifiers, solvents, preservatives, thickeners, rheological additives, fragrances, colorants, other effect pigments, UV absorbers, surface-active assistants, cosmetic active compounds, fillers, binders, pearlescent pigments, color pigments and organic dyes.
13. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the rare earth metal oxide or hydroxide in the protective layer is cerium oxide.
14. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the rare earth metal oxide or hydroxide in the protective layer is Ce 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 or Y 2 O 3 .
15. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the rare earth metal oxide or hydroxide in the protective layer is Ce 2 O 3 .
16. The effect pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the protective layer further comprises at least one metal oxide selected from silicon, aluminium or zirconium oxides or mixtures thereof.