Structure and method of making same involving welding otherwise non-weldable materials
A structure and a method of creating the structure in which relatively thin pieces of non-weldable aluminum alloy or other non-weldable material are welded together. First layers of a weldable material, such as a weldable aluminum alloy or other weldable material, having a total thickness of between 0.01 and 0.30 inches, are built up on a surface of the first piece using an ultrasonic or other solid state joining technique, and second layers of the weldable material having a similar total thickness are built up on a surface of the second piece using the same technique. The first piece is then welded to the second piece at the first and second layers of weldable material using a fusion welding technique. The resulting structure may be part of an aircraft, landcraft, watercraft, or spacecraft type of vehicle or may be used in other high-performance applications.
1. A method of joining a first piece of a first non-weldable material to a second piece of a second non-weldable material, the method comprising
adding at least one first layer of a first weldable material to a first surface of the first piece using a solid state joining technique;
adding at least one second layer of a second weldable material to a second surface of the second piece using the solid state joining technique; and
welding the first piece to the second piece at the first and second layers of the first and second weldable materials using a fusion welding technique.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second pieces has a thickness of between 0.01 and 0.25 inches.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the first non-weldable material is a first non-weldable aluminum alloy and the second non-weldable material is a different second non-weldable aluminum alloy.
4. The method as set forth in claim 3 , wherein the first weldable material is a same type of weldable material as the second weldable material.
5. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the solid state joining technique is selected from the group consisting of: ultrasonic joining techniques, magnetic pulse joining techniques, and friction stir joining techniques.
6. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the at least one first and second layers of the weldable material each have a total thickness of between 0.01 and 0.30 inches.
7. The method as set forth in claim 6 , wherein the at least one first and second layers of the weldable material each have a total thickness of between 0.06 and 0.25.
8. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the first and second pieces are components of a vehicle selected from the group consisting of: aircraft, landcraft, watercraft, and spacecraft, and wherein the first piece is a skin of the vehicle.
9. A method of joining a first piece of a non-weldable aluminum alloy to a second piece of the non-weldable aluminum alloy, wherein the first and second pieces each have a thickness of between 0.01 and 0.25 inches, the method comprising:
adding a first plurality of layers of a weldable material having a total thickness of between 0.01and 0.30 inches to a surface of the first piece using an ultrasonic joining technique;
adding a second plurality of layers of the weldable material having a total thickness of between 0. 01 and 0.30 inches to a surface of the second piece using the ultrasonic joining technique; and
welding the first piece to the second piece at the first and second plurality of layers of the weldable material using a fusion welding technique.
10. The method as set forth in claim 9 , wherein the first and second pluralities of layers of the weldable material each have a total thickness of between 0.06 and 0.25.
11. A vehicle structure comprising:
a first component made of a first non-weldable material to which is added at least one first layer of a first weldable material using a solid state joining technique; and
a second component made of a second non-weldable material to which is added at least one second layer of a second weldable material using the solid state joining technique,
wherein the first component and the second component are welded together at the first and second layers of the first and second weldable materials using a fusion welding technique.
12. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 11 , wherein the vehicle structure is part of a vehicle selected from the group consisting of: aircraft, landcraft, watercraft, and spacecraft, and wherein the first component is a skin of the vehicle.
13. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 11 , wherein at least one of the first and second components has a thickness of between 0.01 and 0.25 inches.
14. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 11 , wherein the first non-weldable material is a first non-weldable aluminum alloy and the second non-weldable material is a different second non-weldable aluminum alloy.
15. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 14 , wherein the first weldable material is a same type of weldable material as the second weldable material.
16. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 11 , wherein the solid state joining technique is selected from the group consisting of: ultrasonic joining techniques, magnetic pulse joining techniques, and friction stir joining techniques.
17. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 11 , wherein the at least one first and the at least one second layers of the weldable material each have a total thickness of between 0.01 and 0.30 inches.
18. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 17 , wherein the at least one first and the at least one second layers of the weldable material each have a total thickness of between 0.06 and 0.25 inches.
19. A vehicle structure, wherein the vehicle structure is part of a vehicle selected from the group consisting of: aircraft, landcraft, watercraft, and spacecraft, and the vehicle structure comprising:
a first component made of a non-weldable aluminum alloy and having a thickness of between 0. 01 and 0.25 inches, and to which is added a first plurality of layers of a weldable material having a total thickness of between 0.01 and 0.30 inches using an ultrasonic joining technique, wherein the first component is a skin of the vehicle; and
a second component made of a non-weldable aluminum alloy and having a thickness of between 0. 01 and 0.25 inches, and to which is added a second plurality of layers of the weldable material having a total thickness of between 0.01 and 0.30 inches using the solid state joining technique,
wherein the first component and the second component are welded together at the first and second plurality of layers of the weldable material using a fusion welding technique.
20. The vehicle structure as set forth in claim 19 , wherein the first and second pluralities of layers of the weldable material each have a total thickness of between 0.06 and 0.25inches.