Ingestible bio-telemetry communication network and associated systems
Ingestible bio-telemetry communication network and associated systems are described. The communication network can include one or more ingestible bio-telemetry tags; and a reader, wherein each of the one or more ingestible bio-telemetry tags generates an out-link signal comprising, for each bit of data in a frame, a pulse reverse keyed symbol. Multiple ingestible bio-telemetry tags can be managed at the same time by allowing the frequency of the transmit carrier signal to change, or “hop” to different frequencies so as to minimize likelihood of collision. A reader can identify the proper frequency either by a signal from the tags indicated the frequency of the next hop or, when no bi-directional communication is available, by deducing the carrier signal frequency from the start bits of a received frame from the tag and scanning for the shifted carrier signal frequency within a tolerance of the deduced carrier signal frequency.
1. An ingestible bio-telemetry communication network, comprising:
each of a plurality of ingestible devices configured to obtain data relating to a patient, and transmit the data by bursting bits of the data with a selected gap between pulses in transmission to reduce power, wherein each pulse is repeated one or more times for a given data bit, and a burst pattern of the data is configured to have 50% or more burst density, wherein the pulses transmitted by each of the plurality of ingestible devices have a duty cycle of about 1 to 1000; and
a receiver configured to be positioned outside the patient's body and receive the data.
2. The ingestible bio-telemetry communication network of claim 1 , wherein each bit is represented by more than one (N) pulse slots, where a logic 1 bit is represented by N1 leading pulses and NO trailing pulses, and logic 0 is represented by N0 leading pulses and N1 trailing pulses with empty pulse slots in between.
3. The ingestible bio-telemetry communication network of claim 1 , wherein the data comprise one or more messages, each message comprising a set of bits and a frame sync sequence composed completely of pulses, wherein the receiver is configured to distinguish a start of each frame of the data based at least on the frame sync sequence without using a data correlator.
4. The ingestible bio-telemetry communication network of claim 1 , wherein the selected gap between the pulses is determined based at least on a carrier frequency generated and used by each of the plurality of ingestible devices.
5. The ingestible bio-telemetry communication network of claim 4 , wherein the selected gap is determined at least based on an on-chip clock of each of the plurality of ingestible devices generating the carrier frequency.
6. The ingestible bio-telemetry communication network of claim 1 , wherein the receiver is configured to detect and use the selected gap between the pulses to determine one or more frequencies used by each of the plurality of ingestible devices.
7. An ingestible bio-telemetry system, comprising:
a plurality of ingestible devices ingested by a patient, each of the plurality of ingestible devices operating at a frequency in transmitting a pulse sequence; and
a reader device positioned outside the patient's body,
wherein each of the plurality of ingestible devices and the reader device are configured to communicate with each other based at least on a communication protocol that allows for the reader device to fine tune a detection frequency of each of the plurality of ingestible devices by measuring a pulse period of each pulse sequence during detection, wherein the pulse period is proportional to a carrier frequency used by each of the plurality of ingestible devices, and wherein bursts transmitted by each of the plurality of ingestible devices have a duty cycle of about 1 to 1000 and 50% or more burst density.