Process for preparing guanidino-functional monomers
A process for preparing guanidino-functional, free radically polymerizable compounds comprises (a) combining (1) an amine compound comprising (i) at least one primary aliphatic amino group and (ii) at least one secondary aliphatic amino group, primary aromatic amino group, or secondary aromatic amino group, and (2) a guanylating agent; (b) allowing or inducing reaction of the amine compound and the guanylating agent to form a guanylated amine compound; (c) combining (1) the guanylated amine compound, and (2) a reactive monomer comprising (i) at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and (ii) at least one group that is reactive with an amino group; and (d) allowing or inducing reaction of the guanylated amine compound and the reactive monomer to form a guanidino-functional, free radically polymerizable compound.
1. A guanidino-functional, free radically polymerizable compound represented by the following general formula
wherein
R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, and combinations thereof;
R 2 is selected from hydrocarbylene, heterohydrocarbylene, and combinations thereof;
each R 3 is independently selected from hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl, and combinations thereof;
R 4 is selected from hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl, and combinations thereof;
R 5 is selected from hydrocarbylene, heterohydrocarbylene, and combinations thereof;
with the proviso that R 2 and/or R 4 comprise(s) at least one aromatic moiety.
2. A polymer comprising polymerized units of at least one compound of claim 1 .
3. An article comprising a substrate bearing the polymer of claim 2 .
4. The article of claim 3 , wherein the substrate is a microporous membrane.
5. The article of claim 3 , wherein the polymer is grafted to the substrate.
6. The article of claim 3 , wherein said article comprises at least one filter element.
7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl.
8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 2 is alkylene or aralkylene.
9. The compound of claim 8 , wherein R 2 is ethylene, propylene, phenethylene, or benzylene.
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is independently selected from hydrogen, isopropyl, or cyclohexyl.
11. The compound of claim 10 , wherein R 3 is hydrogen.
12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 4 is hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, or guanidino-substituted alkyl and combinations thereof.
13. The compound of claim 12 , wherein R 4 is aralkyl or aryl.
14. The compound of claim 12 , wherein R 4 is hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, or —R 2 —NH—C(═NR 3 )—N(R 3 ) 2 and combinations thereof.
15. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is hydrogen, and R 4 is hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, or —R 2 —NH—C(═NR 3 )—N(R 3 ) 2 and combinations thereof.
16. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 5 is propylene or ethylene.
17. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is hydrogen, and R 4 is benzyl or phenyl.
18. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is hydrogen or alkyl, R 2 is alkylene, R 3 is hydrogen, and R 4 is benzyl or phenyl.