Multispecific and multifunctional molecules and uses thereof
Multispecific molecules that include i) a tumor-targeting moiety; and one, two or all of: (ii) an immune cell engager (e.g., chosen from an NK cell engager, a T cell engager, a B cell engager, a dendritic cell engager, or a macrophage cell engager); (iii) a cytokine molecule; and/or (iv) a stromal modifying moiety are disclosed. Additionally disclosed are nucleic acids encoding the same, methods of producing the aforesaid molecules, and methods of treating a cancer using the aforesaid molecules.
1. A multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide, comprising:
(i) a first tumor-targeting moiety comprising a first antibody molecule that binds to a first cancer antigen;
(ii) a second tumor-targeting moiety comprising a second antibody molecule that binds to a second cancer antigen;
(iii) a third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46; and
(iv) a cytokine molecule selected from the group consisting of interleukin-2 (IL-2) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-7 (IL-7) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-12 (IL-12) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-15 (IL-15) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-18 (IL-18) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-21 (IL-21) or a functional variant thereof, and interferon gamma or a functional variant thereof,
wherein the multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide comprises:
(1) (1-a) a first non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the first tumor-targeting moiety comprising a VH-CH1 of a Fab molecule, connected to the cytokine molecule or the third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46; and
(1-b) a second non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, a VL-CL of the Fab molecule of prong (1-a);
(2) (2-a) a first non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the first tumor-targeting moiety comprising a VH-CH1 of a Fab molecule, connected to a first domain that promotes association between the first non-contiguous polypeptide and a second non-contiguous polypeptide;
(2-b) the second non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the cytokine molecule or the third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46, connected to a second domain that promotes association between the first non- contiguous polypeptide and the second non-contiguous polypeptide; and
(2-c) a third non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the VL-CL of the Fab molecule of prong (2-a);
(3) (3-a) a first non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the first tumor-targeting moiety comprising a VH-CH1 of a Fab molecule, connected to a first domain that promotes association between the first non-contiguous polypeptide and a second non-contiguous polypeptide;
(3-b) the second non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the cytokine molecule or the third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46, connected to a second domain that promotes association between the first non-contiguous polypeptide and the second non-contiguous polypeptide; and
(3-c) a third non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the VL-CL of the Fab molecule of prong (3-a),
wherein either the first non-contiguous polypeptide or the second non-contiguous polypeptide further comprises the cytokine molecule or the third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46; or
(4) (4-a) a first non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the first tumor-targeting moiety comprising a VH-CH1 of a Fab molecule connected to a first domain that promotes association between the first non-contiguous polypeptide and a second non-contiguous polypeptide;
(4-b) the second non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the cytokine molecule or the third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46, connected to a second domain that promotes association between the first non-contiguous polypeptide and the second non-contiguous polypeptide; and
(4-c) [[the]] a third non-contiguous polypeptide comprising, in the N-to-C orientation, the VL-CL of the Fab molecule of prong (4-a),
wherein the first non-contiguous polypeptide and the second non-contiguous polypeptide further comprise the cytokine molecule, the third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46, or a combination thereof.
2. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein:
the combined affinity for the cancer antigens of the first tumor-targeting moiety and the second tumor-targeting moiety is equal to or greater than the affinity of the third antibody molecule for NKp30 or NKp46 or the affinity of the cytokine molecule for its corresponding binding membe either alone or as part of the multispecific molecule;
the combined affinity for the cancer antigens of the first tumor-targeting moiety and the second tumor-targeting moiety is at least 2 times greater than the affinity of the third antibody molecule for NKp30 or NKp46 or the affinity of the cytokine molecule for its corresponding binding member, either alone or as part of the multispecific molecule;
the combined affinity of the first tumor-targeting moiety and the second tumor-targeting moiety for the tumor is equal to or greater than the affinity of an otherwise identical multispecific multifunctional molecule polypeptide having only one of the first tumor-targeting moiety or the second tumor-targeting moiety; or
the combined affinity of the first tumor-targeting moiety and the second tumor-targeting moiety for the tumor is at least 2 times greater than the affinity of an otherwise identical multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide having only one of the first tumor-targeting moiety or the second tumor-targeting moiety.
3. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , comprising:
A, B-[dimerization module]-C, -D
wherein:
(1) the dimerization module comprises an immunoglobulin constant domain; and
(2) A, B, C, and D are independently (i) the first tumor-targeting moiety; (ii) the second tumor-targeting moiety; (iii) the third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46; and (iv) the cytokine molecule.
4. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein:
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is present on a hematological cancer, a solid tumor, a metastatic cancer, soft tissue tumor, metastatic lesion, or a combination thereof;
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is a tumor antigen, a stromal antigen, or a hematological antigen; or
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is a tumor antigen or stromal antigen present on a fibrotic or desmoplastic solid tumor.
5. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 4 , wherein:
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is present on a solid tumor selected from the group consisting of one or more of pancreatic, breast, colorectal, lung, skin, ovarian, and liver cancer; or
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is present on a hematological cancer chosen selected from the group consisting of Hodgkin's lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, multiple myeloma, and acute lymphocytic leukemia.
6. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein:
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is selected from the group consisting of PDL1, mesothelin, CD47, prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Ron Ep-Kinase, c-Met, Immature laminin receptor, TAG-72, Calcium-activated chloride channel 2, CAM, EphA3, Her2/neu, SAP-1, MC1R, Fibronectin, TGF-B receptor, AFP, ETA, CA-125, NY-ESO-1, a actinin-4, gangliosides, WT1, Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD20, MUC2, MUM1, MUM2, MUM3, OA1, Folate receptor alpha, L1-CAM, CAIX, EGFRvIII, gpA33, VEGFR, Integrin, IGF1R, TRAILR1, TRAILR2, and RANKL;
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is a stromal antigen selected from the group consisting of fibroblast activating protease (FAP), TGF-beta, hyaluronic acid, collagen, tenascin C, and tenascin W; or
the first cancer antigen or the second cancer antigen is a hematological antigen selected from the group consisting of CD19, CD33, CD123, CD99, CD30, BCMA, CD38, CD22, and SLAMF7.
7. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein:
the first antibody molecule binds to mesothelin, PDL1, HER3, IGF1R, FAP, CD47 or CD123;
the first antibody molecule binds to PDL1 and inhibits an interaction of PDL1 with PD1;
the first antibody molecule binds to PDL1 and does not inhibit an interaction of PD L1 with PD1; or
the first antibody molecule binds to PDL1, the second antibody molecule binds to mesothelin, and the cytokine molecule is IL-2.
8. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein:
the cytokine molecule is a dimer;
the cytokine molecule comprises a receptor dimerizing domain;
the cytokine molecule comprises an IL 15 Ralpha dimerizing domain; or
the cytokine molecule comprises a receptor dimerizing domain, wherein the cytokine molecule and the receptor dimerizing domain are not covalently linked.
9. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , comprising a first Fc region and a second Fc region, wherein dimerization of the first Fc region and the second Fc region is enhanced by providing an Fc interface of the first Fc region and the second Fc region with one or more of: a paired cavity-protuberance, an electrostatic interaction, or a strand-exchange, such that a greater ratio of heteromultimer:homomultimer forms relative to a non-engineered interface.
10. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 9 , wherein the first Fc region and the second Fc region comprise an amino acid substitution at a position selected from the group consisting of one or more of 347, 349, 350, 351, 366, 368, 370, 392, 394, 395, 397, 398, 399, 405, 407, and 409.
11. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 9 , wherein the first Fc region and the second Fc region comprise an amino acid substitution selected from the group consisting of T366S, L368A, Y407V, T366W, and a combination thereof.
12. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 , wherein the first tumor-targeting moiety or the second tumor-targeting moiety comprises:
an antibody molecule against a solid tumor antigen selected from the group consisting of: PDL1, Mesothelin, HER3, IGF-1R, GD2, PSMA, CEA, Ron Kinase, and c-Met;
an antibody molecule against a stromal antigen selected from the group consisting of: FAP, hyaluronic acid, collagen IV, tenascin C, and tenascin W; or
a combination of the antibody molecule against the solid tumor antigen and the antibody molecule against the stromal antigen.
13. A cell comprising the multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 .
14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, or stabilizer.
15. A multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide, comprising:
(i) a first tumor-targeting moiety comprising a first antibody molecule that binds to a first cancer antigen;
(ii) a second tumor-targeting moiety comprising a second antibody molecule that binds to a second cancer antigen;
(iii) a third antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46;
(iv) a cytokine molecule selected from the group consisting of interleukin-2 (IL-2) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-7 (IL-7) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-12 (IL-12) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-15 (IL-15) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-18 (IL-18) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-21 (IL-21) or a functional variant thereof, and interferon gamma or a functional variant thereof; and
(v) an immune cell engager selected from the group consisting of a T cell engager, a B cell engager, a dendritic cell engager, a macrophage cell engager, and a combination thereof;
wherein the B cell engager is a CD40 ligand, [[a]]an OX40 ligand, a CD70 ligand, an antibody molecule that binds to OX40, an antibody molecule that binds to CD40, or an antibody molecule that binds to CD70;
wherein the macrophage cell engager is a CD2 agonist, a CD40 ligand, an OX40 ligand, an antibody molecule that binds to OX40, an antibody molecule that binds to CD40, an antibody molecule that binds to CD70, an agonist of a Toll-like receptor, CD47, or a STING agonist;
wherein the dendritic cell engager is a CD2 agonist, an antibody molecule that binds to OX40, an OX40 ligand, a 41BB agonist, an agonist of a Toll-like receptor, a CD47 agonist, or a STING agonist; or
wherein the T cell engager binds to CD3, TCRα, TCRPβ, TCRγ, TCRζ, ICOS, CD28, CD27, HVEM, 4-1BB, OX40, DR3, GITR, CD30, TIMI, SLAM, CD2, or CD226.
16. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 15 , wherein the immune cell engager is the STING agonist,
wherein the STING agonist comprises a cyclic dinucleotide, and
wherein the STING agonist is covalently coupled to the multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide.
17. A multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide, comprising:
(i) a first tumor-targeting moiety,
(ii) a second tumor-targeting moiety,
(iii) an antibody molecule that binds to NKp30 or NKp46, and
(iv) a cytokine molecule selected from the group consisting of interleukin-2 (IL-2) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-7 (IL-7) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-12 (IL-12) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-15 (IL-15) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-18 (IL-18) or a functional variant thereof, interleukin-21 (IL-21) or a functional variant thereof, and interferon gamma or a functional variant thereof,
wherein the first tumor-targeting moiety and the second tumor-targeting moiety bind to two cancer antigens selected from the group consisting of mesothelin, PDL1, HER3, Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP), insulin growth factor 1R (IGF1R), CD47, and CD123, provided that the two cancer antigens are not FAP and IGF1R.
18. The multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 17 , wherein:
the first tumor-targeting moiety or the second tumor-targeting moiety is an anti-mesothelin antibody molecule or an anti-PDL1 antibody molecule;
the first tumor-targeting moiety or the second tumor-targeting moiety is an anti-FAP antibody molecule or an anti-PDL1 antibody molecule;
the first tumor-targeting moiety or the second tumor-targeting moiety is an anti-HER3 antibody molecule or an anti-IGF1R antibody molecule; or
the first tumor-targeting moiety or the second tumor-targeting moiety is an anti-CD123 antibody molecule or an anti-CD47 antibody molecule.
19. A method of treating a cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject the multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide of claim 1 wherein the multispecific or multifunctional molecule polypeptide is administered in an amount effective to treat the cancer.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising administering a second therapeutic treatment to the subject, wherein the second therapeutic treatment comprises a therapeutic agent, radiation, or surgery.
21. The method of claim 19 , wherein:
the cancer is a solid tumor cancer, or a metastatic lesion;
or
the cancer is a hematological cancer.
22. The method of claim 19 , wherein the cancer is one or more of pancreatic, breast, colorectal, lung, skin, ovarian, or liver cancer.