Roofing membranes with expandable graphite as flame retardant
A roofing membrane comprising at least one layer of a cured rubber and expandable graphite dispersed within the cured rubber.
1. A roofing membrane comprising:
a first layer including about 20 to about 50% by weight cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber and from about 2 to about 40 parts by weight expandable graphite, where the parts by weight is based upon 100 parts by weight of the cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, where said first layer is substantially devoid of flame retardant other than the expandable graphite;
a second layer including cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, where said second layer is substantially devoid of the expandable graphite;
wherein said first layer is black in color and wherein said second layer is white in color; and
wherein said first layer is laminated to said second layer.
2. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , wherein said second layer includes non-black fillers selected from the group consisting of silica, titanium dioxide, clay, and combination thereof.
3. The roofing membrane of claim 2 , wherein said second layer includes silica as the non-black filler.
4. The roofing membrane of claim 2 , wherein said second layer includes titanium dioxide as the non-black filler.
5. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , wherein the expandable graphite has an onset temperature of at least 160° C.
6. The membrane of claim 1 , where said expandable graphite has an onset temperature of at least 170° C.
7. The membrane of claim 1 , where the ethylene-propylene-diene rubber is cured with a peroxide cure system.
8. The membrane of claim 1 , where the ethylene-propylene-diene rubber is cured with a quinone cure system.
9. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , where the first layer includes from about 3 to about 35 parts by weight expandable graphite per 100 parts by weight of the cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber.
10. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , where the first layer includes from about 5 to about 30 parts by weight expandable graphite per 100 parts by weight of the cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber.
11. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , where the first layer includes from about 7 to about 25 parts by weight expandable graphite per 100 parts by weight of the cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber.
12. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , where the expandable graphite is optionally only partially expanded.
13. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , where the expandable graphite is optionally expanded to at most 50% beyond its original unexpanded size.
14. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , where the expandable graphite is optionally expanded to at most 20% beyond its original unexpanded size.
15. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , where the expandable graphite is optionally expanded to at most 10% beyond its original unexpanded size.
16. The roofing membrane of claim 1 , wherein said first layer includes from about 70 to about 100 parts by weight carbon black, from about 78 to about 103 parts by weight clay, from about 55 to about 95 parts by weight extender, where the parts by weight are based upon 100 parts by weight of the cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber.
17. The roofing membrane of claim 16 , where the carbon black, clay, extender, and expandable graphite are dispersed throughout a crosslinked network of the cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber.
18. The roofing membrane of claim 17 , where the first layer further includes from about 5 to about 60 parts by weight talc per 100 parts by weight of the cured ethylene-propylene-diene rubber.