Liquid electrolyte formulations with high salt content
Electrolyte formulations including a high salt concentration. The electrolyte formulation includes an organic solvent and a lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt is mixed with the organic solvent at a concentration of at least 20 Mole %, or at least 40 Mole %, or at least 50 Mole %. The organic solvent includes N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, butylene carbonate, butyl propionate, pentyl acetate, γ-caprolactone, propylene glycol sulfite, ethyl methyl sulfone, butyl sulfoxide or combinations thereof. The lithium salt includes lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide, lithium tetrafluoroborate, or lithium hexafluorophosphate.
1. An electrolyte for a battery, comprising:
an organic solvent and a lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt is mixed with the organic solvent at a concentration of at least 20 Mole % and the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol sulfite.
2. The electrolyte of claim 1 wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide.
3. The electrolyte of claim 1 wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium tetrafluoroborate.
4. The electrolyte of claim 1 wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate.
5. The electrolyte of claim 1 wherein the lithium salt is mixed with the organic solvent at a concentration of at least 55 Mole %.
6. The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the lithium salt mixed with the organic solvent is at least 40 Mole %.
7. A primary battery comprising:
a carbon fluoride—silver vanadium oxide hybrid composite cathode;
an anode; and
an electrolyte between the cathode and the anode, the electrolyte including an organic solvent and a lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt is mixed with the organic solvent at a concentration of at least 40 Mole % and the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol sulfite.
8. The primary battery of claim 7 , wherein the lithium salt is mixed with the organic solvent at a concentration of at least 55 Mole %.
9. The primary battery of claim 7 , wherein the anode comprises lithium.
10. The primary battery of claim 7 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide.
11. The primary battery of claim 7 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium tetrafluoroborate.
12. The primary battery of claim 7 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate.
13. A battery comprising:
a cathode including one or more of a phosphate, a fluorophosphate, a fluorosulfate, a fluorosilicate, a spinel, a lithium metal silicate, a lithium metal phosphate, a metal fluoride, carbon fluoride, sulfur, a metal oxide, or a metal sulfide;
an anode; and
an electrolyte between the cathode and the anode, the electrolyte including an organic solvent and a lithium salt, wherein the lithium salt is mixed with the organic solvent at a concentration of at least 20 Mole % and the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol sulfite.
14. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the cathode is a carbon fluoride silver vanadium oxide hybrid composite cathode.
15. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide.
16. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium tetrafluoroborate.
17. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate.
18. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the concentration of the lithium salt mixed with the organic solvent is at least 40 Mole %.
19. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the concentration of the lithium salt mixed with the organic solvent is at least 55 Mole %.
20. The battery of claim 13 , wherein the anode comprises lithium.