Exosome transfer of nucleic acids to cells
Methods for introducing nucleic acids to cells via exosomes for use in gene modulation and therapy, such as for gene silencing and to introduce genetic material into cells to compensate for abnormal genes or to induce or repress a process in the recipient cell.
1. A method of treating a disease or dysfunction, comprising:
a) isolating exosomes produced and released by a donor cell, wherein the isolated exosomes lack genetic material;
b) transforming, transfecting, or microinjecting selected genetic material to the isolated exosomes to produce therapeutic exosomes; and
c) administering said therapeutic exosomes to a subject in need of treatment for said disease or dysfunction, thereby transferring said selected genetic material from the therapeutic exosomes to the cytoplasm of cells in said subject.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said selected genetic material is selected from the group consisting of mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, siRNA, regulating RNA, non-coding and coding RNA, DNA fragments, and DNA plasmids.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selected genetic material comprises nucleic acids and the recipient cells comprise CD4 T-cells for treatment of HIV infected T-cells.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject has a disease or dysfunction, wherein said disease or dysfunction is an inherited disease, genetic disorder, malignant disease, disease involving immune cells, disease of stem cells, disease of organs, or a microbiological infection.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said malignant disease is a malignant disease of hematopoietic cells.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein said inherited disease is a disease of hematopoietic cells, non-hematopoietic cells, stem cells, or organs.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the donor cell is a genetically modified donor cell.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising genetically modifying said donor cell to erase production of a nucleic acid, or to up-regulate or down-regulate production of a nucleic acid.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic exosomes are administered to the subject in need thereof by a method selected from the group consisting of intravenous injection of the exosomes, in vivo administration of the exosomes, and administration targeted to particular cells in said subject.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said isolated exosomes are from a patient with a malignant disease, and the therapeutic exosomes are further administered to said patient.