System and method for deforming particles
Embodiments of a system and method for deforming a can include a substrate including an inlet module and an outlet module; a fluidic pathway coupled to the inlet module and the outlet module, and including a sample branch operable to transmit the sample fluid; one or more sheath fluid branches flanking the sample branch and operable to transmit sheath having a sheath fluid viscosity higher than a sample fluid viscosity of the sample fluid; a delivery region initiating at a junction between the sample branch and the one or more sheath fluid branches, and operable to transmit a co-flow comprising the sample fluid and the sheath fluid; and a deformation region located downstream of the delivery region and operable to deform the one or more particles of the sample fluid based upon a reduced velocity of the sheath fluid with respect to the sample fluid in the co-flow.
1. A method for characterizing deformation of a first particle in a sample fluid, the method comprising:
receiving the sample fluid at a delivery region of a fluidic pathway;
receiving a sheath fluid at the delivery region of the fluidic pathway, wherein the sheath fluid pinches the sample fluid to generate a first co-flow comprising the sheath fluid and the sample fluid;
transmitting the first co-flow from the delivery region to a deformation region downstream of the delivery region in the fluidic pathway;
deforming the first particle at the deformation region based upon a change in velocity of the sheath fluid with respect to the sample fluid in the first co-flow, wherein deforming the first particle comprises applying an increased stress on particle peripheral regions positioned in the sheath fluid of the first co-flow at the deformation region;
capturing an optical dataset of the first particle traveling through the deformation region; and
determining a morphology dataset describing the deformation of the first particle at the deformation region based on the optical dataset;
wherein the sheath fluid possesses a sheath fluid viscosity greater than a sample fluid viscosity of the sample fluid, and wherein the first particle center is positioned in the sample fluid of the first co-flow at the deformation region.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein deforming the first particle at the deformation region comprises applying repeated cycles of stress and relaxation to the first particle, wherein transforming the optical dataset into a morphology dataset comprises determining a series a deformation metrics as a function of particle x-position along the fluidic pathway, and wherein the series of deformation metrics comprises a series of peaks and troughs associated with x-positions corresponding to the repeated cycles of stress and relaxation.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first particle is associated with leukocytes, and wherein the method further comprises characterizing a sepsis-related condition based on a correlation between the sepsis-related condition and the series of peaks and troughs of the series of deformation metrics.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein applying repeated cycles of stress and relaxation to the particle comprises transmitting the first co-flow through a series of expanding regions connected to narrowing regions of the deformation region.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first particle possess a first particle size, and wherein the method further comprises: prior to receiving the sample fluid and the sheath fluid at the delivery region, tuning a first set of parameters for at least one of the sample fluid and the sheath fluid based on the first particle size, to facilitate a tri-humped velocity profile of the first co-flow at the deformation region.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:
tuning a second set of parameters for a second co-flow comprising a second particle, based on a second particle size of the second particle; and
deforming the second particle at the deformation region based on the second set of parameters, to facilitate a tri-humped velocity profile of the second co-flow.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the co-flow at the deformation region comprises a substantially linear co-flow interfacial boundary along the z-axis.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the sheath fluid occupies a greater percentage of the fluidic pathway than the sample fluid at the sub-region of the deformation region.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the morphology dataset based on the optical dataset comprises:
determining a trace of a particle wall of the first particle captured in the optical dataset;
translating the trace into polar coordinates;
applying a discrete Fourier transform to the polar coordinates; and
determining a deformation metric for the first particle based on a harmonic of the discrete Fourier transform.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein determining the morphology dataset based on the optical dataset comprises:
determining a series of deformation metrics for the first particle as a function of particle x-position along the fluidic pathway, wherein the series of deformation metrics comprises the deformation metric; and
determining a series of aspect ratio values for the first particle as a function of the particle x-position along the fluidic pathway, wherein a first x-position corresponding to a local peak of the series of aspect ratio values is staggered from a second x-position corresponding to a local peak of the series of deformation metrics.