Measurement systems and methods for corrosion testing of coatings and materials
A measurement system permits environmental, corrosion damage, and mechanical property measurements to assess protection properties of coatings. The system includes one or more multi-sensor panels, each multi-sensor panel having sensors for assessing coating barrier properties, free corrosion, and galvanic corrosion. Each multi-sensor panel is installed on a test rack that contains electronics for sensor excitation and sensor data acquisition throughout a corrosion test. Sensor data is collected, stored, and communicated to a base station. A network of multiple test racks can be supported by a base station to compare the performance of different coatings and material combinations simultaneously. The test racks can be used in accelerated atmospheric corrosion tests, outdoor test sites, or application service environments. Measurements of the capacity of a coating to maintain barrier properties, prevent free corrosion, galvanic corrosion, and environment-assisted cracking can be used to develop, select, and predict service performance of coatings.
1. A sensor panel for measuring time varying processes of atmospheric corrosion, comprising:
multiple sensors configured to measure one or more protective properties of a coating applied to the sensor panel, the sensor panel having at least two different electrochemical sensors from a group of a free corrosion rate sensor, a galvanic corrosion rate sensor, and a coating barrier property sensor, wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors are each configured to use an electrochemical process to measure the one or more protective properties of the coating applied to the sensor panel, and
an interface coupled to the sensors and configured to provide measurement signals from the sensors,
wherein the measurement signals include information relating to one or more protective properties of the coating.
2. The sensor panel in claim 1 , wherein each of the sensors comprises plural electrodes and the interface is configured to obtain measurement information from the sensors that is useable to evaluate the one or more protective properties of the coating.
3. The sensor panel in claim 1 , wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors include the free corrosion sensor, and wherein the free corrosion sensor includes interdigitated electrodes.
4. The sensor panel in claim 3 , wherein the interdigitated electrodes in contact with the coating are laminated and include a metallographic texture orientation of structural alloys with both surfaces of the electrode sensors being in direct contact with the coating applied to the sensor panel.
5. The sensor panel in claim 3 , wherein the coating has a defect of a predetermined geometry that was applied to the coating.
6. The sensor panel in claim 3 , wherein the interdigitated electrodes are covered by an inert material to form a crevice to measure free corrosion.
7. The sensor panel in claim 1 , wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors includes the free corrosion rate sensor, and wherein the free corrosion rate sensor is configured to measure free corrosion rate using a current response to a predetermined voltage excitation, and wherein a cumulative corrosion is determinable by integrating the measured free corrosion rate.
8. The sensor panel in claim 1 , wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors includes the free corrosion rate sensor, and wherein the free corrosion rate sensor is configured to estimate free corrosion using polarization resistance.
9. The sensor panel in claim 3 , wherein the at least two electrochemical sensors includes the galvanic corrosion rate sensor configured to measure galvanic corrosion using two or more electrodes.
10. The sensor panel in claim 9 , wherein an area of each of the electrodes exposed to a corrosive atmosphere is variable.
11. The sensor panel in claim 9 , wherein the electrodes are laminated and include a metallographic texture orientation or a composite laminate orientation.
12. The sensor panel in claim 9 , wherein the coating has a defect of a predetermined geometry that was applied to the coating.
13. The sensor panel in claim 9 , wherein the interdigitated electrodes are covered by an inert material to form a crevice to measure free corrosion.
14. The sensor panel in claim 9 , wherein the galvanic corrosion rate sensor is configured to measure a galvanic corrosion rate for each electrode, and wherein a cumulative galvanic corrosion is determinable by integrating the galvanic corrosion rate.
15. The sensor panel in claim 1 , wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors includes the coating barrier property sensor having interdigitated electrodes made using a metal, an alloy, or a noble metal, and wherein the coating barrier property sensor is configured to measure barrier properties of a coating based on impedance measurements between electrodes generated by an excitation voltage.
16. The sensor panel in claim 1 , wherein each of the free corrosion rate sensor, galvanic corrosion rate sensor, and coating barrier property sensor is an electrochemical sensor configured to measure, using an electrochemical process, the one or more protective properties of the coating applied to the sensor panel.
17. A method for measuring time varying processes of atmospheric corrosion, comprising:
using multiple sensors to measure one or more protective properties of a coating applied to a sensor panel, the sensor panel having at least two different electrochemical sensors from a group of a free corrosion rate sensor, a galvanic corrosion rate sensor, and a coating barrier property sensor, wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors use an electrochemical process to measure the one or more protective properties of the coating applied to the sensor panel, and
outputting measurement signals from the sensors via an interface on the sensor panel,
wherein the measurement signals include information relating to one or more protective properties of the coating.
18. The method in claim 17 , wherein each of the sensors comprises plural electrodes and the interface obtains and outputs measurement information from sensors that is useable to evaluate the one or more protective properties of the coating.
19. The method in claim 17 , wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors includes the free corrosion sensor, and wherein the free corrosion sensor includes interdigitated electrodes.
20. The method in claim 17 , wherein the at least two different electrochemical sensors includes the galvanic corrosion rate sensor configured to measure galvanic corrosion using two or more electrodes.
21. The method in claim 20 , wherein the galvanic corrosion rate sensor measures a galvanic corrosion rate for each electrode for determining a cumulative galvanic corrosion.