Temperature-stable paraffin inhibitor compositions
View Patent ↗Disclosed are compositions including up to 20 wt % of a paraffin inhibiting polymer, a refined petroleum distillate and one or more low Log P molecules, wherein the compositions are stable and flow at a temperature between about 0° C. and −40° C., in many cases between about −20° C. and −40° C. The low Log P molecules are non-polymeric, have a Log P of less than 1, are liquids at 20° C. (1 atm), and have boiling points over 60° C., in many cases over 100° C. The compositions are useful paraffin inhibitor concentrates for use in the petroleum industry wherein the concentrates are stable, pumpable, and pourable at temperatures as low as −40° C. and as high as 60° C.
1. A paraffin inhibiting composition comprising:
about 1 wt % to 30 wt % of a paraffin inhibiting polymer, at least one refined petroleum solvent, and one or more low Log P molecules selected from the group consisting of butyrolactone, N-ethylformamide, 2-pyrrolidone, 3-ketomorpholine, 2-methoxyethanol, and combinations thereof, wherein the composition is a stable nonaqueous composition that flows at 40° C.
2. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises about 2 wt % to 20 wt % of the paraffin inhibiting polymer.
3. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises about or about 10 wt % to 90 wt % of the at least one refined petroleum solvent.
4. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises about 1 wt % to 50 wt % of the one or more low Log P molecules.
5. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises about 1 wt % to 10 wt % of the one or more low Log P molecules.
6. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 further comprising diethylenetriamine or a reaction product thereof.
7. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 wherein the paraffin inhibiting polymer comprises one or more of polymers a, b, c, and d:
a. an alkylphenol-formaldehyde copolymer having the formula (I)
wherein R 1 =C 9 -C 50 alkyl and n=2-200;
b. a copolymer comprising the residues of one or more alpha olefin monomers and a maleic anhydride monomer, the one or more alpha olefin monomers having the formula (II)
wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are independently selected from hydrogen and C 5 -C 60 alkyl, with the proviso that at least two thereof are hydrogen; and the maleic anhydride monomer has the formula (III)
wherein R 6 and R 7 are independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 60 alkyl, optionally wherein the maleic anhydride residue is further reacted with about 0.01 to 2.0 equivalents of a C12-C60 alkanol or amine per equivalent of anhydride;
c. an alkyl maleimide copolymer having the formula (IV)
wherein R 8 =C 1 -C 50 alkyl, R 9 =C 1 -C 50 alkyl, and n=1-200;
d. an acrylate having the formula (V)
wherein R 10 =C 15 -C 25 alkyl, R 11 =C 10 -C 15 alkyl, and n=1-100.
8. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 wherein:
the paraffin inhibiting polymer comprises an alkylphenol-formaldehyde copolymer and the paraffin inhibiting polymer is about 1 wt % to about 20 wt % of the composition;
the at least one refined petroleum solvent comprises heavy aromatic naphtha and is about 50 wt % to about 80 wt % of the composition; and
the one or more low Log P molecules are about 1 wt % to about 20 wt % of the composition.
9. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 wherein:
the paraffin inhibiting polymer comprises a plurality of paraffin inhibiting polymers including an alkylphenol-formaldehyde copolymer and a copolymer comprising the residues of one or more alpha olefin monomers and a maleic anhydride monomer;
each of the paraffin plurality of paraffin inhibiting polymers is about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % of the composition;
the at least one refined petroleum solvent includes one or more of heavy aromatic naphtha and toluene and is about 50 wt % to about 80 wt % of the composition; and
the one or more low Log P molecules is about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % of the composition.
10. A crude oil composition, comprising:
a crude oil source; and
a paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 1 ;
wherein the paraffin inhibiting polymer is present in the crude oil source at about 5 ppm to 10000 ppm.
11. A method of applying a paraffin inhibitor to a crude oil source, the method comprising:
forming a paraffin inhibitor concentrate of claim 1 ;
storing the paraffin inhibiting composition in an enclosed container at a first temperature between about −40° C. and 60° C.;
removing the paraffin inhibiting composition from the container at a second temperature between about −40° C. and 60° C.; and
applying the paraffin inhibiting composition to a crude oil source,
wherein the removing and the applying are accomplished using a mechanical pump.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the first temperature, the second temperature, or both the first and second temperature is between about −40° C. and −20° C.
13. The method of claim 11 further comprising quenching the paraffin inhibiting polymer with a weak base having one or more amine moieties with the paraffin inhibiting polymer prior to forming the paraffin inhibitor concentrate.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the weak base having one or more amine moieties includes diethylenetriamine.
15. The method of claim 11 wherein the forming comprises mixing about 2 wt % to 20 wt % of the paraffin inhibiting polymer, about 10 wt % to 90 wt % of the at least one refined petroleum solvent, and about 1 wt % to 50 wt % of the one or more low Log P molecules.
16. A paraffin inhibiting composition comprising:
about 1 wt % to 30 wt % of a paraffin inhibiting polymer,
at least one refined petroleum solvent,
and one or more low Log P molecules selected from the group consisting of N-ethylformamide, 2-pyrrolidone, 3-ketomorpholine, 2-methoxyethanol, and combinations thereof,
wherein the composition is a stable nonaqueous composition that flows at −40° C.
17. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 16 , wherein the composition comprises about 1 wt % to 10 wt % of the one or more low Log P molecules.
18. The paraffin inhibiting composition of claim 17 , wherein the composition comprises about 60 wt % to about 90 wt % of the at least one refined petroleum solvent.