Electrophotography-based additive manufacturing with part molding
An additive manufacturing method produces a 3D part utilizes electrophotography-based additive manufacturing and molding processes. A layered structure having a cavity is printed on a build platform using at least one electrophotographic (EP) engine to develop imaged layers of powder material, and a transfusion assembly to stack and fuse the imaged layers on the build platform. Molding material is deposited into the cavity as the layered structure is printed, using a deposition unit. The molding material solidifies to form at least a portion of the 3D part, which may also include portions formed from imaged powder material.
1. A method of producing a 3D part using an additive manufacturing system comprising steps of:
forming a plurality of layers of powdered material using at least one electrophotographic (EP) engine;
moving the plurality of layers to a transfusion assembly;
transfusing the plurality of layers onto a build platform or a previously transfused layer utilizing heat and pressure over time at the transfusion assembly to fuse the powder material together within the layers and to the other layers to form a layered structure having at least one cavity wherein the at least one cavity defines at least a portion of the 3D part;
cooling the layered structure on the build platform;
molding the at least the portion of the 3D part within the at least one cavity of the cooled layered structure by depositing a molding material into the at least one cavity using a deposition unit; and
alternating a printing step comprising the forming, moving, transfusing and cooling steps and the molding step multiple times to form the 3D part.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the layered structure comprises a sacrificial support material.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the layered structure comprises a sacrificial support material and a part material.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
depositing the molding material into the cavity comprises depositing the molding material into the cavity when the molding material is in a powdered state; and
molding the at least the portion of the 3D part within the cavity comprises heating the molding material within the cavity to fuse together the molding material.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein molding the at least the portion of the 3D part within the cavity further comprises pressing the molding material into the cavity.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein depositing the molding material into the cavity comprises depositing the molding material into the cavity when the molding material is in a molten state.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein forming the at least the portion of the 3D part portion further comprises cooling the molding material within the cavity.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein forming the at least the portion of the 3D part comprises planarizing a top surface of the molding material within the cavity.
9. A method of producing a multi-material 3D part using an additive manufacturing system comprising steps of:
printing a structure having one or more layers on a build platform comprising:
forming the one or more layers of powder material using two or more electrophotographic (EP) engines;
transferring the one or more layers to a transfer medium; and
sequentially transfusing each of the one or more layers on the transfer medium onto the build platform using heat and pressure over time to form a layered structure having one or more cavities;
cooling the layered structure on the build platform;
wherein the layered structure includes a sacrificial material portion and a part portion; and
forming a molded part portion within the one or more cavities by depositing molding material into the one or more cavities of the cooled layered structure using a deposition unit; and
repeating the printing and forming steps multiple times to form a combined structure comprising a 3D part and a sacrificial support structure, wherein the 3D part includes the part portion of the layered structure and the molded part portion.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein:
depositing the molding material into the one or more cavities comprises depositing the molding material into the one or more cavities when the molding material is in a powdered state; and
forming a molded part portion within the one or more cavities comprises heating the molding material within the one or more cavities to fuse together the molding material.
11. The method according to claim 9 , wherein forming a molded part portion comprises at least one of heating the molding material and pressing the molding material into the cavity.