Optimization of gene expression analysis using immobilized capture probes
Disclosed are methods of multiplexed analysis of oligonucleotides in a sample, including a method of preventing a significant reduction in duplexes detectable in a hybridization assay involving (i) selecting probe lengths for sets of oligonucleotide probes, wherein probes include different subsequences such that at least one subsequence is complementary to a subsequence in a cognate target; wherein probes for longer cognate targets are longer in length than probes for shorter cognate targets, (ii) selecting, for each set of probes, a density of oligonucleotides probes attached per unit area on a solid phase carrier which is below a limit at which the significant reduction in detectable duplexes is predicated to take place, (iii) producing the probes and affixing them to different solid phase carriers at the selected density, and (iv) annealing targets to the probes, wherein signal intensities of probes and targets of different lengths are about the same.
1. A method of detecting differences in families of related genomic sequences where the family is derived from a particular species, and where the members of the families have two or more related subsequences which are similar in sequence, and at least one of said related subsequences (designated “S1”) differ in sequence, among certain members of the family, by 3 or more consecutive nucleotides, and at least one of said related subsequences (designated “S2”) differ in sequence, among certain members of the family, by less than 3 consecutive nucleotides; wherein a dual assay format is employed, comprising:
amplifying the regions of the related genomic sequences which include the subsequences S1 and S2, or reverse transcribing the mRNA regions which include the subsequences S1 and S2, to thereby at least four distinct sets of oligonucleotides, the sets respectively including:
(i) an oligonucleotide (of sequence F1S1) derived from subsequence S1 and an oligonucleotide (of sequence F1S2) derived from subsequence S2;
(ii) an oligonucleotide (of sequence F2S1) derived from subsequence S1 and an oligonucleotide (of sequence F1S2) derived from subsequence S2;
(iii) an oligonucleotide (of sequence F1S1) derived from subsequence S1 and an oligonucleotide (of sequence F2S2); and
(iv) an oligonucleotide (of sequence F2S1) derived from subsequence S1 and an oligonucleotide (of sequence F2S2);
providing a first set of oligonucleotide probes capable of hybridizing to F1S1, a second set of oligonucleotide probes capable of hybridizing to F2S1, a third set of oligonucleotide probes capable of hybridizing to F1S2, and a fourth set of oligonucleotide probes capable of hybridizing to F2 S2, each set of oligonucleotide probes being encoded so as to permit discrimination among sets; wherein, following hybridization of the four sets of oligonucleotides with the four sets of oligonucleotide probes, oligonucleotides including either F1S1 or F2S1 can be detected because they are labeled with a first color, and oligonucleotides including F1S2 or F2S2 will, following an elongation reaction, be labeled with a detectable second color;
contacting the four sets of oligonucleotides with the four sets of oligonucleotide probes under conditions conducive to hybridization and elongation, such that oligonucleotides including either F1S1 or F2S1 can be detected because they will be labeled with the first color, and oligonucleotides including F1S2 or F2S2 will, following the elongation reaction, be labeled with the detectable second color;
analyzing the pattern of hybridization and elongation, by detecting and analyzing the presence of the first and second colors; and
determining which of the four sets of oligonucleotides (F1S1, F2S1, F1S2, F2S2) is present in the sample based on the analysis.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the encoding of the four sets of oligonucleotide probes is achieved by attaching different sets to differently encoded beads.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the oligonucleotide probe is elongated, and the elongation product includes a labeled nucleotide incorporated therein.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein members of the sets of oligonucleotides are labeled by performing reverse transcription using a labeled primer.