FLOODED LEAD-ACID BATTERY AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME
Positive active material pastes for flooded deep discharge lead-acid batteries, methods of making the same and lead-acid batteries including the same are provided. The positive active material paste includes lead oxide, a sulfate additive, and an aqueous acid. The positive active material paste contains from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt % of the sulfate additive. Batteries using such positive active material pastes exhibit greatly improved performance over batteries with conventional positive active material pastes.
1 .- 20 . (canceled)
21 . A method for making a positive plate for a flooded lead-acid battery comprising:
casting a positive electrode grid from a lead-antimony alloy;
applying a positive active material paste directly to the cast positive electrode grid, the positive active material paste comprising lead oxide, a binder, and tin sulfate, wherein the tin sulfate is present the positive active material paste in an amount from about 0.1 wt % to about 1 wt % on a dry basis.
22 . The method of claim 21 wherein the tin sulfate is present in the positive active material paste in an amount from about 0.15 wt % to about 0.2 wt % on a dry basis.
23 . The method of claim 21 wherein the tin sulfate is present in the positive active material paste in an amount of about 0.18 wt % on a dry basis.
24 . The method of claim 21 wherein the lead-antimony alloy comprises between about 2 wt % and 6 wt % of antimony.