Method, System, and Apparatus for Resonator Circuits and Modulating Resonators
Embodiments of resonator circuits and modulating resonators and are described generally herein. One or more acoustic wave resonators may be coupled in series or parallel to generate tunable filters. One or more acoustic wave resonances may be modulated by one or more capacitors or tunable capacitors. One or more acoustic wave modules may also be switchable in a filter. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.
1 . A filter module for providing a pass-band and a tunable rejection band, comprising:
an acoustic wave resonator (AWR), the AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA) and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA); and
a capacitor module coupled in parallel to the AWR, the capacitor module configured to modify the transduction of the electrical signal by the AWR.
2 . A filter module for providing a tunable pass-band and a tunable rejection band, comprising:
an acoustic wave resonator (AWR), the AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA) and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA);
a first capacitor module coupled in parallel to the AWR, the first capacitor module configured to modify the transduction of the electrical signal by the AWR; and
a second capacitor module coupled in series to the AWR and the first capacitor module, the second capacitor module configured to modify the transduction of the electrical signal by the AWR.
3 . The filter module of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor modifies at least one of the AFA and RFA.
4 . The filter module of claim 2 , wherein the first capacitor module or the second capacitor module or a combination thereof modifies at least one of the RFA and AFA.
5 . The filter module of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor module is a variable capacitor.
6 . The filter module of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first capacitor module and the second capacitor module are variable capacitors.
7 . A filter module for providing a switchable pass-band and a tunable rejection band, the filter module comprising:
an acoustic wave resonator (AWR), the AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA) and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA);
a switch coupled in series with the AWR, wherein the AWR is inoperative when the switch is opened and active when the switch is closed;
a capacitor module coupled in parallel to the switch and the AWR, the capacitor module configured to modify the transduction of the electrical signal by the AWR when the switch is closed.
8 . A filter module for providing a switchable pass-band and a tunable rejection band, the filter module comprising:
a first acoustic wave resonator (AWR), the first AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA1) and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA1);
a first switch coupled in series with the first AWR, wherein the first AWR is inoperative when the first switch is opened and active when the first switch is closed;
a second AWR, the second AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA2) different from RFA1, and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA2) different from AFA1;
a second switch coupled in series with the second AWR, wherein the second AWR is inoperative when the second switch is opened and active when the second switch is closed, and wherein a combination of the first switch and first AWR is coupled in parallel to a combination of the second switch and second AWR; and
a first capacitor module coupled in parallel to a) the combination of the first switch and first AWR and b) the combination of the second switch and second AWR, the first capacitor module configured to modify the transduction of the electrical signal by one of the first AWR and the second AWR when the corresponding one of the first switch and the second switch is closed.
9 . The filter module of claim 8 , wherein the first capacitor module is configured to modify at least:
a) one of the RFA1 and the AFA1, and
b) one of the RFA2 and the AFA2.
10 . The filter module of claim 8 , wherein the first capacitor module is a variable capacitor.
11 . A filter module, including:
a switchable pass-band and tunable rejection band filter module, comprising:
a first acoustic wave resonator (AWR);
a first switch coupled serially to the first AWR wherein the first AWR is inoperative when the first switch is opened and active when the first switch is closed, the first AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA1) and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA1);
a second AWR;
a second switch coupled serially to the second AWR,
wherein:
(a) the second AWR is inoperative when the second switch is opened and active when the second switch is closed;
(b) a combination of the first switch and first AWR is coupled in parallel to a combination of the second switch and second AWR;
(c) the second AWR has a resonate frequency (RFA2) and an anti-resonate frequency (AFA2), wherein the RFA1 and RFA2 are offset in frequency; and
a first variable capacitor coupled in parallel with the combination of the first switch and the first AWR, the first variable capacitor configured to vary at least one of the AFA1 and the AFA2 thereby configuring the switchable pass-band and tunable rejection band filter module; and
a tunable filter module, comprising:
a third AWR, the third AWR coupled to the first AWR and the second AWR, the third AWR configured to filter electrical signals and having a resonate frequency (RFA3) and an anti-resonate frequency (AFA3); and
a second variable capacitor configured to vary the AFA3 thereby configuring the tunable filter module.
12 . The filter module of claim 11 , wherein the RFA1 has a frequency shift greater than 5% of the RFA1 frequency magnitude.
13 . The filter module of claim 11 , the combination of the first AWR and the third AWR forming a first filter when the first switch is closed and the second switch is open and the combination of the second AWR and the third AWR forming a second filter when the first switch is open and the second switch is closed.
14 . An electrical signal processing system, including:
a first acoustic wave resonator (AWR), the AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA1) and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA1), and
a first variable capacitor module (FVCM) coupled to the first AWR, the FVCM having a plurality of selectable capacitances configurable for modifying RFA1 and AFA1; wherein:
at least one of the plurality of selectable capacitances is selected based on statistical data representing at least one of: a) an anti-resonant frequency probability function representing manufacturing variations of the first AWR and b) a resonant frequency probability function representing manufacturing variations of the first AWR.
15 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 14 , wherein the first AWR configured as a filter for filtering the electrical signal.
16 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 15 , wherein the FVCM is coupled in parallel to the first AWR.
17 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 15 , further comprising a temperature detection module, the temperature detection module providing a calculation of the temperature at or near the first AWR, and wherein one of the plurality of FVCM selectable capacitances are selected based on the calculated temperature.
18 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 15 , further comprising a second variable capacitor module (SVCM) coupled serially to the first AWR, the SVCM having a plurality of selectable capacitances for modifying the RFA1; wherein: one of the plurality of SVCM is selected based at least in part on the statistical data.
19 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 18 , wherein the FVCM has at least a first capacitance and a second capacitance.
20 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 14 , further comprising a second AWR coupled to the first AWR, the second AWR having a resonant frequency (RFA2) and an anti-resonant frequency (AFA2).
21 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 20 , further comprising a third variable capacitor module (TVCM) coupled to the second AWR, the TVCM having a plurality of selectable capacitances configurable for modifying one of the RFA2 and the AFA2, wherein: one of the plurality of TVCM selectable capacitances is selected based at least in part on the statistical data.
22 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 14 , wherein one of the plurality of FVCM selectable capacitances is selected based on a received FVCM capacitance selection signal.
23 . An electrical signal processing system, including:
a tunable filter module comprising a first variable capacitor module (FVCM) coupled to a first acoustic wave resonator (AWR), the FVCM having a plurality of selectable capacitances;
a memory device having stored thereon, variable capacitor deltas for various voltage standing wave ratios, the voltage standing wave ratios related to ratios between target input and output impedances for the tunable filter module; and
a control logic module configured for using the memory device to select at least one of the plurality of selectable capacitances based at least in part on the variable capacitor deltas stored in the memory device and a derived voltage standing wave ratios differential.
24 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 23 , wherein the FVCM is coupled in parallel to the first AWR.
25 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 23 , further comprising an output impedance detection module, the output impedance detection module configured to sense a coupled output impedance at the first AWR, the control logic module configured to derive the voltage standing wave ratios differential based on the sensed output impedance and selecting the at least one of the plurality of selectable capacitances based on the differential.
26 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 24 , further comprising a second variable capacitor module (SVCM), the SVCM having a plurality of selectable capacitances.
27 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 26 , the control logic module selecting one of the plurality of SVCM selectable capacitances based at least in part on the sensed output impedance and at the stored output impedance data.
28 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 26 , wherein the FVCM has at least a first capacitance and a second capacitance.
29 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 26 , wherein the SVCM has at least a first capacitance and a second capacitance.
30 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 23 , further comprising a second AWR, the second AWR being coupled to the first AWR.
31 . The electrical signal processing system of claim 30 , further comprising a third variable capacitor module (TVCM) coupled to the second AWR, the TVCM having a plurality of selectable capacitances.