Method for balancing frequency instability on an electric grid using networked distributed energy storage systems
Embodiments of the present invention include control methods employed in multiphase distributed energy storage systems that are located behind utility meters typically located at, but not limited to, medium and large commercial and industrial locations. These distributed energy storage systems can operate semi-autonomously, and can be configured to develop energy control solutions for an electric load location based on various data inputs and communicate these energy control solutions to the distributed energy storage systems. In some embodiments, one or more distributed energy storage systems may be used to absorb and/or deliver power to the electric grid in an effort to provide assistance to or correct for power transmission and distribution problems found on the electric grid outside of an electric load location. In some cases, two or more distributed energy storage systems are used to form a controlled and coordinated response to the problems seen on the electric grid.
1. A system for managing power, comprising:
a first energy storage device that is in electric communication with a first electric power line that is connected to at least a portion of an electric power distribution grid;
a first controller that is in communication with the first energy storage device and a first sensor, wherein the first controller controls a transfer of energy between the first electric power line and the first energy storage device based on information generated by the first sensor;
a second energy storage device that is in electric communication with a second electric power line that is connected to at least a portion of the electric power distribution grid;
a second controller that is communication with the second energy storage device and controls a transfer of energy between the second electric power line and the second energy storage device; and
a grid services controller that is in communication with the first sensor and transmits a control signal to the first controller and the second controller based on information generated by the first sensor.
2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second sensor that measures power transmitted through the second electric power line, and wherein the grid services controller controls a transfer of energy between the first electric power line and the first energy storage device and the second electric power line and the second energy storage device based on information generated by the first sensor and the second sensor.
3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an operation center that:
receives, from the first sensor, information relating to a frequency of the power transmitted through the first electric power line,
receives, from a second sensor, information relating to a frequency of the power transmitted through the second electric power line, and
transmits, to the first controller, a control signal derived from the information generated by the first sensor.
4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second sensor that measures a frequency of power transmitted through the second electric power line, wherein
the second controller controls the transfer of energy between the second electric power line and the second energy storage device based on information generated by the first sensor or the second sensor.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first energy source comprises a battery.
6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an optimization engine, wherein the optimization engine receives one or more external inputs and creates a set of operating parameters based on the one or more external inputs, and wherein the first controller receives the set of operating parameters and controls an amount of energy flowing through the first electric power line based on the set of operating parameters.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the set of operating parameters is derived from simulations of energy use at an electric load location in which the first energy storage device is disposed, and wherein the simulations are performed by the optimization engine.
8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the one or more external inputs are selected from a group consisting of weather information, sunrise and sunset information, power usage cost information, utility's billing period, geographic location, local solar production, local incident light, customer type, electric load location building specifications, grid operator data, and time data.
9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a first bidirectional power converter that is connected between the first energy source and the first electric power line and controls the transfer of energy based on a monitored frequency of the power transmitted through the first electric power line.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein a power source is connected to the first electric power line, the power source comprising a wind turbine or a photovoltaic device.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein a power source is connected to the first electric power line, and the first sensor is connected to the first electric power line near a point on the first electric power line where the power source is connected.
12. A system for managing power, comprising:
a first energy storage device that is in electric communication with a first electric power line that is connected to at least a portion of an electric power distribution grid;
a first controller that is in communication with the first energy storage device and controls a transfer of energy between the first electric power line and the first energy storage device;
a first sensor that is connected to the first electric power line;
a second energy storage device that is in electric communication with a second electric power line that is connected to at least a portion of the electric power distribution grid;
a second controller that is in communication with the second energy storage device and controls a transfer of energy between the second electric power line and the second energy storage device; and
a grid services controller that transmits a control signal to the first and second controllers based on information generated by the first sensor.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the first controller adjusts the transfer of energy between the first electric power line and the first energy storage device based on the received control signal, and the second controller adjusts the transfer of energy between the second electric power line and the second energy storage device based on the received control signal.
14. The system of claim 12 , further comprising:
a second sensor that measures a frequency of power transmitted through the second electric power line,
wherein the control signal is further derived from information generated by the second sensor, and
wherein the first controller adjusts the transfer of energy between the first electric power line and the first energy storage device based on the received control signal, and the second controller adjusts the transfer of energy between the second electric power line and the second energy storage device based on the received control signal.
15. The system of claim 12 , further comprising an operation center that is configured to:
receive information relating to a frequency of the power transmitted through the first electric power line from the first sensor,
receive information relating to a frequency of the power transmitted through the second electric power line from a second sensor, and
transfer a control signal to the grid services controller that is derived from the information generated by the first sensor and the second sensor.
16. The system of claim 12 , wherein a power source is connected to the first electric power line, and the first sensor is connected to the first electric power line near a point on the first electric power line where the power source is connected.
17. The system of claim 12 , wherein the system further comprises:
an optimization engine that receives one or more external inputs and creates a set of operating parameters based on the one or more external inputs,
wherein the first controller receives the created operating parameters and controls an amount of energy flowing through the first electric power line based on the operating parameters.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the set of operating parameters are derived from simulations of energy use at an electric load location in which the first energy storage device is disposed.
19. The system of claim 17 , wherein the one or more external inputs are selected from a group consisting of weather information, sunrise and sunset information, power usage cost information, utility's billing period, geographic location, local solar production, local incident light, customer type, electric load location building specifications, grid operator data and time data.
20. A method of managing power, comprising:
controlling, via a first controller, a transfer of energy between a first electric power line and a first energy storage device based on information generated by a first sensor, wherein the first energy storage device is in electric communication with the first electric power line that is connected to at least a portion of an electric power distribution grid, and wherein the first controller is in communication with the first energy storage device and the first sensor;
controlling, via a second controller, a transfer of energy between a second electric power line and a second energy storage device, wherein the second energy storage device is in electric communication with the second electric power line that is connected to at least a portion of the electric power distribution grid, and wherein the second controller is in communication with the second energy storage device; and
transmitting, from a grid services controller, a control signal to the first controller and the second controller based on information generated by the first sensor, wherein the grid services controller is in communication with the first sensor.