Positive displacement pump having multiple operating stages

1. A positive displacement pump, for conveying oil in a gearbox or a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprising:

a pump stage;

a drive unit, the pump stage driven by the drive unit;

a suction port in fluid communication with the pump stage, such that oil is drawn into the suction port by the pump stage;

a single pressure port which receives pressured oil from the pump stage;

a switchover device operable for placing the pump stage in one of a plurality of modes of operation;

a central kidney-shaped suction cavity in fluid communication with the suction port; and

two kidney-shaped pressure cavities;

a first plurality of check valves;

wherein the pressure port receives pressurized fluid from one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities when the positive displacement pump is placed in one of the plurality of modes of operation, and one of the first plurality of check valves places one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities in fluid communication with the single pressure port, and another of the first plurality of check valves places the other of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities in fluid communication with the single pressure port.

2. The positive displacement pump of claim 1 , wherein the switchover device is connected to the drive unit such that the switchover device selectively controls a drive direction of the pump stage.

3. The positive displacement pump of claim 1 , further comprising:

a second plurality of check valves;

wherein one of the second plurality of check valves places one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities in fluid communication with suction port, and another of the second plurality of check valves places the other of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities in fluid communication with the suction port.

4. The positive displacement pump of claim 1 , wherein the switchover device places the single pressure port in fluid communication with one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities.

5. The positive displacement pump of claim 1 , further comprising a multi-directional valve in fluid communication with the pump stage, wherein the switchover device places the multi-directional valve, in fluid communication with one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities, such that one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities is in fluid communication with the single pressure port.

6. The positive displacement pump as claimed in claim 5 , the multi-directional valve further comprising a plurality of switching stages, wherein during each of the switching stages, one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities is in fluid communication with the single pressure port, and the other of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities is placed in fluid communication with the suction port.

7. The positive displacement pump of claim 6 , wherein the single pressure port is deactivated during one of the plurality of switching stages of the multi-directional valve.

8. The positive displacement pump as claimed of claim 1 , the pump stage further comprising an internal gear pump.

9. The positive displacement pump as claimed in claim 8 , further comprising:

an inner rotor;

an outer rotor, the outer rotor surrounding the inner rotor; and

a region of maximum eccentricity between the inner rotor and the outer rotor;

wherein as the inner rotor and outer rotor are rotated in a counter-clockwise direction, oil is transferred from the suction port, through the kidney-shaped suction cavity, to one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities, and flows through the single pressure port, and when the inner rotor and outer rotor are rotated in a clockwise direction, oil is transferred from the suction port, through the kidney-shaped suction cavity, to the other of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities, and flows through the single pressure port.

10. The positive displacement pump as claimed in claim 9 , further comprising:

a first separation region located between the kidney-shaped suction cavity and one of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities, such that the first separation region is located within the region of maximum eccentricity between the inner rotor and the outer rotor; and

a second separation region located between the kidney-shaped suction cavity and another of the two kidney-shaped pressure cavities such that the second separation region is located outside the region of maximum eccentricity between the inner rotor and the outer rotor.

11. The positive displacement pump as claimed of claim 1 , the pump stage further comprising a G-rotor pump.