Porous membrane
The object of the present invention is to provide a porous membrane by which a useful component can be recovered while suppressing the clogging during filtration of a protein solution and from which only a small amount of an eluate is eluted even when an aqueous solution is filtered. The present invention provides a porous membrane containing a hydrophobic polymer and a water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer, the porous membrane having a dense layer in the downstream portion of filtration in the membrane, having a gradient asymmetric structure in which the average pore diameter of fine pores increases from the downstream portion of filtration toward the upstream portion of filtration, and having a gradient index of the average pore diameter from the dense layer to the coarse layer of 0.5 to 12.0.
1. A porous membrane comprising:
a hydrophobic polymer as a base material; and
a water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer, the porous membrane having:
a dense layer in a downstream portion of filtration in the membrane having an average pore diameter of 50 nm or smaller;
a coarse layer having an average pore diameter of larger than 50 nm, said coarse layer being positioned adjacent to said dense layer at an upstream surface side of filtration in the membrane;
a gradient asymmetric structure wherein an average pore diameter of pores increases from the downstream portion of filtration in the membrane toward an upstream portion of filtration in the membrane,
wherein a gradient index of the average pore diameter from the dense layer to the coarse layer has a value of 0.5 to 12.0,
wherein the gradient index is indicated by expression (1):
(average pore diameter of a visual field of the coarse layer—average pore diameter of a visual field of the dense layer)/1,
wherein the visual field of the coarse layer and the visual field of the dense layer are adjacent to each other,
wherein the membrane is a porous hollow fiber membrane or a porous flat sheet membrane,
wherein the hydrophobic polymer is a polysulfone-based polymer,
wherein the hydrophilic polymer is one of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate), a random copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and n-butylmethacrylate (BMA), a random copolymer of (N-3-sulfopropyl-N,N-dimethylammonium)ethyl methacrylate (SPMA) and BMA, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene glycol), and 2-hydroxypropylacrylate,
wherein the pure water permeation rate is 160 to 500 L/(hr·m 2 ·bar),
wherein the thickness of the dense layer is 1 to 8μm,
wherein the existence ratio of pores of 10 nm or smaller in the dense layer is 8.0% or less,
wherein the existence ratio of pores larger than 10 nm and 20 nm or smaller in the dense layer is 20.0% or more and 35.0% or less, and
wherein the porosity of the dense layer is 30.0% or more and 45.0% or less.
2. A method for removing a virus contained in a protein solution comprising:
filtering the protein solution through the porous membrane according to claim 1 .