COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CURABLE RESIN FOR ANTI-STATIC FLOORING
The invention relates to a composition for making flooring material comprising resin and particles comprising ammonium quaternary salt. The resin is generally an unsaturated polyester resin. The flooring materials, or engineered stone slabs from which the flooring materials or other material can be formed, are generally made from combining the resin, particles, inorganic particulate material and an initiator and allowing the resin to cure. The flooring material composition may be cobalt free. Metal catalysts may be used to cure the resin.
1 . A flooring material composition comprising
(A) an unsaturated polyester resin formulation comprising
(i) an unsaturated polyester resin component;
(ii) a metal catalyst capable of catalyzing curing of the unsaturated polyester resin component;
(iii) a quaternary ammonium salt; and
(iv) optionally, one or more additives selected from the group consisting of pigments, accelerators, co-promoters, dispersing agents, UV absorbers, stabilizers, inhibitors and rheology modifiers;
(B) particles comprising ammonium quaternary salt;
(C) an inorganic particulate material; and
(D) an initiator.
2 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ammonium quaternary salt that is comprised in the (B) particles is a N,N,N,N-tetraalkylammonium salt, a N-phenyl-N,N,N-trialkylammonium, a N-benzyl-N,N,N-trialkylammonium salt, a N,N-diphenyl-N,N-dialkylammonium salt, a N,N-dibenzyl-N,N-dialkylammonium salt, or a N-phenyl-N-benzyl-N,N-dialkylammonium salt.
3 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ammonium quaternary salt that is comprised in the (B) particles differs from the (iii) quaternary ammonium salt that is comprised in the (A) unsaturated polyester resin formulation.
4 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the particles are encapsulated.
5 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the particles are encapsulated by an encapsulating material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyurea, polyamide, polyester, polycarbonate, a urea/formaldehyde resin, a melamine resin, polystyrene, a styrene/methacrylate copolymer, a styrene/acrylate copolymer and a mixture of any of the foregoing.
6 . The composition according to claim 5 , wherein the encapsulating material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyurea, polyamide, polyester, and polycarbonate.
7 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the particles is up to about 3%, based on the weight of the flooring material composition.
8 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average particle size of about 10 μm to about 250 μm.
9 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated resin polyester resin component further comprises a reactive diluent.
10 . The composition according to claim 9 , wherein the reactive diluent is selected from the group consisting of styrene, substituted styrene, nono-, di- and polyfunctional esters of monofunctional acids with alcohols or polyols and mono-, di- and polyfunctional esters of unsaturated monofunctional alcohols with carboxylic acids or their derivatives.
11 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated resin polyester resin component is cobalt free.
12 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the metal catalyst comprises zinc or copper.
13 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the (A)(iii) quaternary ammonium salt is a benzyl-N,N,N-trialkylammonium salt or a N,N,N,N-tetraalkylammonium salt.
14 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated polyester resin component is obtained by reacting a mixture comprising a multicarboxylic acid component and a polyhydric alcohol component, wherein the multicarboxylic acid component and/or the polyhydric alcohol component comprises ethylenic unsaturation.
15 . The composition according to claim 14 , wherein the multicarboxylic acid component is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, aliphatic tetracarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylaic acids, aromatic tricarboxylic acids and aromatic tetracarboxylic acids; and the polyhydric alcohol component is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic diols, aliphatic triols, aliphatic tetraols, aromatic diols, aromatic triols and aromatic tetraols.
16 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particulate material comprises quartz aggregates and/or quartz fillers.
17 . The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the quartz aggregate comprises about 25% to about 75%, by weight of the flooring material composition, of particles having a particle size of up to about 0.3 μm and about 5% to about 30%, by weight of the flooring material composition, of particles having a particle size of greater than about 0.3 μm and the quartz filler has a particle size of up to about 45 μm and the content of the quartz filler in the flooring material composition is about 15% to about 35% by weight of the flooring material composition.
18 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the initiator comprises peroxide.
19 . The composition according to claim 18 , wherein the peroxide comprises cumene hydroperoxide and/or methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide.
20 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is cobalt free.
21 . A flooring material composition comprising i) a resin selected from the group consisting of vinyl ester resin and epoxy resin and ii) particles comprising ammonium quaternary salt.
22 . A flooring material comprising the flooring material composition according to claim 1 in cured form.
23 . The flooring material according to claim 21 having electric resistivity values within the dissipative established zone.
24 . A method for the making flooring material comprising the steps of
(a) preparing a formable composition by mixing
(A) an unsaturated polyester resin formulation comprising
(i) an unsaturated polyester resin component;
(ii) a metal catalyst capable of catalyzing curing of the unsaturated polyester resin component;
(iii) a quaternary ammonium salt; and
(iv) optionally, one or more additives selected from the group consisting of pigments, accelerators, co-promoters, dispersing agents, UV absorbers, stabilizers, inhibitors and rheology modifiers;
(B) particles comprising ammonium quaternary salt;
(C) an inorganic particulate material; and
(D) an initiator;
(b) forming the composition prepared in step (a) into a desired shape; and
(c) allowing the composition formed in step (b) to cure.
25 . The method according to claim 24 , wherein the composition formed from steps (a), (b) and (c) is an engineered stone slab and comprising an additional step (d) of making a piece of flooring material from the engineered stone slab.
26 . The method according to claim 24 , wherein the unsaturated polyester resin formulation is cobalt free.
27 . The method according to claim 24 , wherein the metal catalyst comprises zinc or copper.
28 . A piece of flooring material made by the method of claim 24 .