Methods and pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of fibrosis

1. A method of reducing fibrosis in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) inhibitor, wherein the fibrosis is not inflammation-induced fibrosis and wherein the MGL inhibitor is at least one of 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 4-(bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate and 4-nitrophenyl-4-[bis(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)(hydroxy)methyl]piperidine-1-carboxylate.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrosis affects at least one organ selected from the group consisting of skin, heart, liver, lung, and kidney.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrosis is selected from the group consisting of dermal scar formation, keloids, liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, intestinal fibrosis, interstitial fibrosis, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas and lungs, injection fibrosis, endomyocardial fibrosis, mediastinal fibrosis, myelofibrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, progressive massive fibrosis, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the fibrosis is liver fibrosis.

5. A method of reducing liver fibrosis in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) inhibitor and wherein the MGL inhibitor is at least one of 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 4-(bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate and 4-nitrophenyl-4-[bis(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)(hydroxy)methyl]piperidine-1-carboxylate.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the fibrosis is inflammation-induced fibrosis.

7. A method of reducing fibrosis in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one MGL inhibitor, wherein the fibrosis is not inflammation-induced fibrosis and wherein the MGL inhibitor is a compound of the following formula:

wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is isothiazol-5-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-5-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is phenyl, Z is 5-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is OH;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-chloro-6-fluoro-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-chloro-6-fluoro-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 3-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(5-trifluoromethyl-thien-2-yl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(5-trifluoromethyl-thien-2-yl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(5-trifluoromethyl-thien-2-yl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenylmethyl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 3-chloro-6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 6-trifluoromethyl-benzothien-2-yl, and R is OH;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-3H-benzimidazol-2-on-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3H-benzimidazol-2-on-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3H-benzimidazol-2-on-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3H-benzimidazol-2-on-5-yl, and R is H;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-1,3-dihydro-3H-benzimidazol-2-on-5-yl, and R is H; and

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)-1,3-dihydro-3H-benzimidazol-2-on-5-yl, and R is H

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the fibrosis affects at least one organ selected from the group consisting of skin, heart, liver, lung, and kidney.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein the fibrosis is selected from the group consisting of dermal scar formation, keloids, liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, intestinal fibrosis, interstitial fibrosis, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas and lungs, injection fibrosis, endomyocardial fibrosis, mediastinal fibrosis, myelofibrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, progressive massive fibrosis, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.

10. The method of claim 7 wherein the fibrosis is liver fibrosis.

11. A method of reducing fibrosis in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one MGL inhibitor, wherein the fibrosis is not inflammation-induced fibrosis and wherein the MGL inhibitor is a compound of the following formula:

wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of

the compound wherein Y is furan-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-5-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-bromofuran-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-methylthien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-bromothien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-chlorothien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 3-bromothien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-bromothien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is benzothien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 3-methoxythien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-biphenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 3-phenyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, s is 1, and R 1 is 2-methyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, s is 1, and R 1 is 2-phenyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-biphenyl, s is 1, and R 1 is 3-methyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, s is 1, and R 1 is 3-methyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-4-methylthien-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(thien-2-yl)-4-methylthien-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-methylthien-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-methylthien-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(thien-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(thien-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-cyanophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-chlorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-chlorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-phenyl-pyridin-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-cyanophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-bromophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 5-phenyl-pyridin-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(4-cyanophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(4-bromophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-methylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-fluoro-6-methylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(2,4-difluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(benzo[1,3]dioxal-5-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(naphth-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-nitrophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-quinolin-5-yl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-carboxyphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-cyanomethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-methylsulfonylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-methylcarbonylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-formylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-dimethylaminosulfonylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-nitrophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-formyl-4-methoxyphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-aminocarbonylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-methylsulfonylamino-phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-t-butoxycarbonylamino-phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-isobutyloxyphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-(2-cyanoethyl)aminocarbonyl-phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-(2-cyanoethenyl)phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-(2-methoxycarbonylethenyl)phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(4-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(2,4-difluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-aminophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-methylcarbonylamino-phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-methylcarbonylamino-phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-methanesulfonylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methoxy-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methoxy-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-chloro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-chloro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-methyl-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-methyl-4-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methyl-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methyl-4-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methoxy-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methoxy-4-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-chloro-4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-chloro-4-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 5-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-fluorophenyl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-fluorophenyl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thien-3-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is cyclopropyl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 3-fluorophenyl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is isoxazol-5-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is furazan-3-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-cyanothien-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is isothiazol-5-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is pyrrol-3-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-chlorofuran-2-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-phenyl-naphth-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-chloro-6-phenyl-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-chloro-6-phenyl-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-methylcarbonylamino-thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-biphenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-methyl-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3,4,5-trifluoro-phenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is cyclopropyl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methyl-5-phenyl-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-7-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-fluoro-6-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-methyl-5-(3-fluorophenyl)-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-7-(3-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thinol-4-yl, Z is 3-fluoro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is (2-methyl-4-phenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-chloro-furan-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is trifluoromethyl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-quinazolin-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-bromothien-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-fluoro-5-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-trifluoromethyl-6-phenyl-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is isothiazol-5-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-trifluoromethyl-6-phenyl-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-7-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-chloro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-phenyl-5-fluoro-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2-cyanophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-fluoro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2,2-difluoro-cyclopropyl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-cyanophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is isothiazol-5-yl, Z is 3-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-methoxy-4-cyanophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is isoxazol-5-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2,3-diphenyl-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-phenyl-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-pyrazol-1-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzothiazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(6-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(pyridin-4-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-phenyl-quinazolin-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-benzothiazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-phenyl-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-cyanophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-phenyl-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is furan-3-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-chloro-thien-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is isoxazol-3-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-methyl-1H-thieno[2,3-c]pyrazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-5-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-methyl-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benxoxazol-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-phenyl-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-(4-methylphenyl)-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-cyanophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1,5-diphenyl-pyrazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-benzothiazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-phenyl-4-methoxy-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-5-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-aminocarbonylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-3-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-benzoxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-5-(5-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-aminocarbonylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(2-cyanophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 7-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is trifluoromethyl, Z is 1-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzothiazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-benzoxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(pyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-benzoxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 6-(5-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is trifluoromethyl, Z is 1-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-chloro-5-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 6-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-5-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-5-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-phenyl-furo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(thiazol-2-yl)-benzothiazol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 6-(3,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-furo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-2H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-methyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-benzoxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-chloro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-4-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(benzimidazol-1-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-indol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is cyclobutyl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-methyl-3-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is isothiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-benzoxazol-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-3-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 6-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is 3-fluorophenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 6-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-(4-methylphenyl)-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(pyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(pyridin-3-yl)-benzoxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(furan-2-yl)-3H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methoxy-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-benzoxazol-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2,2-difluoro-cyclopropyl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-benzoxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is oxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-methyl-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is isoxazol-3-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-pyrimidin-5-yl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-methoxy-3-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 3-phenylmethyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-5-yl, Z is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-fluoro-5-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-6-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-indol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-5-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-benzoxazol-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is oxazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 3-phenylmethyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-methyl-3-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 2-spirofused cyclopropyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-chloro-5-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-benzimidazol-1-yl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-2-methyl-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1,5-diphenyl-pyrazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-benzimidazol-1-yl-phenyl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-3-yi, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 4-benzimidazol-1-yl-phenyl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 2(R,S)-trifluoromethyl,

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-indol-3-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is trifluoromethyl, Z is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(6-trifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(5-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-fluoro-5-phenyl-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-phenyl-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-chloro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-3-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-phenyl-thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopentapyrazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-bromofuran-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-fluoro-thien-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-phenyl-benzofuran-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-benzofuran-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methyl-5-phenyl-benzothien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-methyl-3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-6-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-fluoro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-fluoro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-5-methylthien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-methylthien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-thien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 5-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-methylthien-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-chloro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,4,5-trifluoro-phenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-fluoro-4-chlorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-cyano-3-methylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 3-methoxy-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-methyl-5-phenyl-furan-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-trifluoromethyl-5-phenyl-furan-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-benzoxazol-7-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-benzoxazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is 1H-pyrrol-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-oxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-3H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-3H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-thiazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-methyl-5-phenyl-furan-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 5-phenyl-2-trifluoromethyl-furan-3-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is cyclopentyl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-furan-2-yl-3H-benzimidazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is pyrimidin-2-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is thiazol-2-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 2-phenyl;

the compound wherein Y is biphenyl-4-yl, Z is thiazol-4-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 2-phenyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-oxazol-4-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is biphenyl-4-yl, s is 1, and R 1 is 3-phenyl;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-fluoro-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 3-methyl-4-phenyl-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is trifluoromethyl, Z is 1-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(1-phenylethyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(5-(4-fluorophenyl)-pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 4-(3-methylindol-1-yl)-phenyl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-chloro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-chloro-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-cyano-4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0; the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-aminocarbonyl-4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-2-yl, Z is 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-cyano-3-methylphenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is thiazol-4-yl, Z is 2-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-indazol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-chloro-thien-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 3-fluorophenyl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-chloro-furan-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is 5-fluoro-thien-2-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0;

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-4-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0; and

the compound wherein Y is oxazol-5-yl, Z is 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-indol-5-yl, and s is 0 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the fibrosis affects at least one organ selected from the group consisting of skin, heart, liver, lung, and kidney.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein the fibrosis is selected from the group consisting of dermal scar formation, keloids, liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, intestinal fibrosis, interstitial fibrosis, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas and lungs, injection fibrosis, endomyocardial fibrosis, mediastinal fibrosis, myelofibrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, progressive massive fibrosis, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein the fibrosis is liver fibrosis.