Continuous pull three-dimensional printing
View Patent ↗Described herein are three-dimensional (3D) printer systems and methods, which may provide for “continuous pull” 3D printing. An illustrative 3D printer includes: a resin container, a base plate, a light source arranged below the resin container and operable to cure resin in the resin container; and a control system operable to: (a) receive model data specifying a 3D structure; (b) determine 2D images corresponding to layers of the 3D object; and (c) generate control signals to operate the light source and the base plate to sequentially form the layers of the 3D object onto the base plate, wherein the base plate moves a formed portion of the 3D object upward after formation of each layer, and wherein at least a surface of a formed portion of the 3D object remains in contact with the resin in the resin container throughout the formation of the layers of the 3D object.
1. A computer-implemented method for controlling a three-dimensional (3D) printer, comprising:
(a) receiving model data describing a three-dimensional object;
(b) determining a plurality of two-dimensional images corresponding to a plurality of layers of the three-dimensional object;
(c) initially positioning a base plate such that a surface of the base plate contacts resin in a resin container;
(d) operating the light source and the base plate to sequentially form the plurality of layers of the three-dimensional object onto the base plate, wherein the base plate moves a formed portion of the three-dimensional object upward after formation of each layer, and wherein at least a surface of a most recently formed layer of the three-dimensional object remains in contact with the resin in the resin container throughout the formation of the plurality of layers of the three-dimensional object,
wherein operating the light source and the base plate to sequentially form the plurality of layers of the three-dimensional object onto the base plate comprises using a robotic device attached to the base plate from above to pull the base plate upward and away from the resin container during the formation of the plurality of layers of the three-dimensional object, wherein the robotic device comprises an articulated robotic alai whose range of movement defines a build volume, and wherein the robotic device positions the base plate above the resin container and operates to move the base plate with at least two degrees of freedom, such that the range of movement of the robotic arm extends beyond the edges of the resin container.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base plate, the resin container, and the light source are components of a 3D printer, wherein the base plate is arranged above a bottom surface of the resin container, and wherein the light source is arranged below the resin container.
3. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
initially positioning the base plate such that a surface of the base plate contacts resin in a resin container; and
operating the light source to project a shape corresponding to a first of the plurality of layers into the resin in the resin container, wherein the projection of the corresponding shape forms the first of the plurality of layers in the corresponding shape at an interface between the surface of the base plate and the resin in the resin container.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein operating the light source and the base plate to sequentially form the plurality of layers of the three-dimensional structure onto the base plate further comprises:
after forming the first layer of the 3D object, forming each subsequent layer of the three-dimensional structure by:
(a) moving the base plate upward by a given distance, such that the base plate pulls the formed portion of the 3D object upward by the given distance; and
(b) after moving the base plate upward by the given distance, operating the light source to project a shape corresponding to the subsequent layer into the resin in the resin container, wherein the projection of the corresponding shape forms the subsequent layer in the corresponding shape at an interface between the formed portion of the 3D project and the resin in the resin container.
5. The method of claim 3 , further comprising turning off the light source after forming each layer and then turning the light source on in order to form the next layer.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resin in the resin container comprises a first liquid, and wherein the resin container further includes a second liquid having a different viscosity than the resin, such that the second liquid separates from the first layer and provides a substantially planar interface between the first liquid and the second liquid, and wherein each of the plurality of layers of the 3D object is formed at the substantially planar interface between the first liquid and the second liquid.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the second liquid comprises glycerin.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein operating the light source and the base plate to sequentially form the plurality of layers of the three-dimensional object onto the base plate comprises:
using a robotic device attached to the base plate from above to pull the base plate upward and away from the resin container during the formation of the plurality of layers of the three-dimensional object.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the articulated robotic arm has six degrees of freedom.