Mixed phosphorus esters for lubricant applications
A lubricant composition of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a phosphite ester reaction product of a monomeric phosphorous acid or an ester thereof with a first alkylene diol having two hydroxy groups in a 1,4 or 1,5 or 1,6 relationship and a second, alkyl-substituted, diol being a substituted 1,3-propylene diol, exhibits good wear and frictional performance.
1. A lubricant composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and a phosphite ester composition (A), other than a zinc salt, which comprises the reaction product of
(a) a monomeric phosphorous acid or an ester thereof with
(b) at least two alkylene diols:
a first alkylene diol (i) having two hydroxy groups in a 1,4 or 1,5 or 1,6 relationship;
a second alkylene diol (ii) being an alkyl-substituted 1,3-propylene diol with one or more of the alkyl substituents thereof being on one or more of the carbon atoms of the propylene unit, the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl-substituted 1,3-propylene diol being about 5 to about 12;
wherein the relative molar amounts of monomeric phosphorous acid or ester thereof (a) and the total of the alkylene diols (b) are in a ratio of about 0.9:1.1 to about 1.1:0.9;
wherein the relative molar amounts of the first alkylene diol (i) and the alkyl-substituted 1,3-propylene diol (ii) are in a ratio of about 30:70 to about 65:35; and
a grease thickener.
2. The lubricant composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of the phosphite ester composition is about 0.001 to about 10 weight percent of the lubricant composition.
3. The lubricant composition of claim 1 wherein monomeric phosphorous ester comprises dimethyl phosphite.
4. The lubricant composition of claim 1 wherein the first alkylene diol comprises 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, or 1,6-hexanediol.
5. The lubricant composition of claim 1 wherein the second alkylene diol comprises 2-ethyl-2-butylpropane-1,3-diol, 2-ethylhexane-1,3-diol, 2,2-dibutylpropane-1,3 -diol, or 2-methyl-2-propylpropane-1,3 -diol.
6. The lubricant composition of claim 1 wherein the phosphite ester composition comprises at least one oligomeric species comprising 3 to about 20 phosphorus atoms and at least one cyclic monomeric species comprising a single phosphorus atom.
7. The lubricant composition of claim 1 comprising a cyclic monomeric species comprising a single phosphorus atom and a chain of 3 carbon atoms derived from the second alkylene diol.
8. The lubricant composition of claim 6 wherein the relative amount of the cyclic monomeric species to the amount of the oligomeric species is about 1:3 to about 1:1 or about 1:3 to about 1:0.8 by weight.
9. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the grease thickener is a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof.
10. The lubricant of claim 9 , wherein the carboxylic acid is a fatty acid chosen from a mono-hydroxycarboxylic acid, a di-hydroxycarboxylic acid, a poly-hydroxycarboxylic acid or mixtures thereof.
11. The lubricant of claim 9 , wherein the carboxylic acid is a hydroxy-substituted fatty acid or mixtures thereof.
12. The lubricant of claim 11 , wherein the hydroxy-substituted fatty acid is 12-hydroxystearic acid.
13. The lubricant of claim claim 1 wherein the grease thickener is present at 0.1 wt % to 40 wt %, or 1 wt % to 20 wt % of the lubricant composition.
14. The lubricant of claim 1 wherein the composition is a lubricating grease, comprising:
(a) 0.001 wt % to 10 wt % of said phosphite ester composition;
(b) 1 wt % to 20 wt % of a grease thickener;
(c) 0 wt % to 5 wt % of an extreme pressure agent;
(d) 0 wt % to 10 wt % of other performance additives; and
(e) balance of an oil of lubricating viscosity.
15. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a lubricating grease, comprising:
(a) 0.002 wt % to 5.0 wt % of said phosphite ester composition;
(b) 1 wt % to 20 wt % of a grease thickener;
(c) 0.2 wt % to 1 wt % of an extreme pressure agent;
(d) 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of other performance additives; and
(e) balance of an oil of lubricating viscosity.
16. A method of lubricating a mechanical device with a grease, comprising supplying to the mechanical device the lubricant of claim 1 .
17. A method of lubricating a hydraulic fluid system, a circulating oil system, a turbine system, or an industrial gearbox, comprising supplying thereto a lubricant comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and a phosphite ester composition (A), other than a zinc salt, which comprises the reaction product of
(a) a monomeric phosphorous acid or an ester thereof with
(b) at least two alkylene diols:
a first alkylene diol (i) having two hydroxy groups in a 1,4 or 1,5 or 1,6 relationship;
a second alkylene diol (ii) being an alkyl-substituted 1,3-propylene diol with one or more of the alkyl substituents thereof being on one or more of the carbon atoms of the propylene unit, the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl-substituted 1,3-propylene diol being about 5 to about 12;
wherein the relative molar amounts of monomeric phosphorous acid or ester thereof (a) and the total of the alkylene diols (b) are in a ratio of about 0.9:1.1 to about 1.1:0.9;
wherein the relative molar amounts of the first alkylene diol (i) and the alkyl-substituted 1,3-propylene diol (ii) are in a ratio of about 30:70 to about 65:35.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the amount of the phosphite ester composition is about 0.001 to about 10 weight percent of the lubricant composition.
19. The lubricant composition of claim 17 wherein monomeric phosphorous ester comprises dimethyl phosphite.
20. The method of claim 17 wherein the first alkylene diol comprises 1,4-butanediol, 1.5-pentanediol, or 1,6-hexanediol.
21. The method of claim 17 wherein the second alkylene diol comprises 2-ethyl-2-butylpropane-1,3 -diol, 2-ethylhexane-1,3 -diol, 2,2-dibutylpropane-1,3-diol, or 2-methyl-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol.
22. The method of claim 17 wherein the phosphite ester composition comprises at least one oligomeric species comprising 3 to about 20 phosphorus atoms and at least one cyclic monomeric species comprising a single phosphorus atom.
23. The method of claim 17 comprising a cyclic monomeric species comprising a single phosphorus atom and a chain of 3 carbon atoms derived from the second alkylene diol.
24. The method of claim 22 wherein the relative amount of the cyclic monomeric species to the amount of the oligomeric species is about 1:3 to about 1:1 or about 1:3 to about 1:0.8 by weight.
25. The method of claim 17 , wherein the lubricant comprises:
0.001 wt % to 3 wt % of said phosphite ester composition,
0.0001 wt % to 0.15 wt % of a corrosion inhibitor chosen from 2,5-bis(tert-dodecyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole, tolyltriazole, or mixtures thereof,
0.02 wt % to 3 wt % of antioxidant chosen from aminic or phenolic antioxidants, or mixtures thereof,
0.005 wt % to 1.5 wt % of a borated or a non-borated succinimide dispersant,
0.001 wt % to 1.5 wt % of a neutral of slightly overbased calcium naphthalene sulfonate
0.001 wt % to 2 wt % of an antiwear agent (other than the phosphite ester (A) chosen from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, zinc dialkylphosphate, amine salt of a phosphorus acid or ester, or mixtures thereof.
26. The method of claim 17 , wherein the lubricant comprises:
0.01 wt % to 1.5 wt % of said phosphite ester composition,
0.0001 wt % to 0.1 wt % of a corrosion inhibitor chosen from 2,5-bis(tert-dodecyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole, tolyltriazole, or mixtures thereof,
an oil of lubricating viscosity,
0.01 wt % to 1.5 wt % of antioxidant chosen from aminic or phenolic antioxidants, or mixtures thereof,
0.01 wt % to 2 wt % of a borated or a non-borated succinimide dispersant,
0.001 wt % to 1.5 wt % of a neutral of slightly overbased calcium naphthalene sulfonate,
0.001 to 1 wt % of a carboxylic acid or anhydride chosen from polyisobutylene succinic acid or anhydride, or dodecenyl succinic acid,
0.05 wt % to 1.5 wt % of an antiwear agent (other than the phosphite ester (A) chosen from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, zinc dialkylphosphate, amine salt of a phosphorus acid or ester, or mixtures thereof.
27. The method lubricant of claim 17 wherein the lubricant comprises:
0.01 wt % to 5 wt % of said phosphite ester composition,
0.0001 wt % to 0.15 wt % of a corrosion inhibitor chosen from 2,5-bis(tert-dodecyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole, tolyltriazole, or mixtures thereof,
an oil of lubricating viscosity,
0.02 wt % to 3 wt % of antioxidant chosen from aminic or phenolic antioxidants, or mixtures thereof,
0.005 wt % to 1.5 wt % of a borated succinimide or a non-borated succinimide,
0.001 wt % to 1.5 wt % of a neutral or slightly overbased calcium naphthalene sulfonate, and
0.001 wt % to 2 wt % of an antiwear agent (other than the phosphite ester (A) ) chosen from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, zinc dialkylphosphate, amine salt of a phosphorus acid or ester, or mixtures thereof.