Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element using the same
There is provided a liquid crystal composition that exhibits a sufficiently low viscosity (η), a sufficiently low rotational viscosity (γ1), and a large elastic modulus (K 33 ) without decreasing the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) and the nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T ni ) and without increasing the solid phase-nematic phase transition temperature (T cn ). The liquid crystal display element that uses this liquid crystal composition satisfactorily obtains a pretilt angle and has a high voltage holding ratio (VHR) and high-speed response. Thus, a liquid crystal display element that has no or less alignment defects and display defects such as image sticking, and has high display quality and high response speed is obtained.
1. A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I-1):
wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or P 12 -S 12 -, R 11 represents P 11 -S 11 -, and P 11 and P 12 each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of formulae (R-1) to formula (R-15):
S 11 and S 12 each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and one —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — in the alkylene group may each be substituted with —O—, —OCO—, or —COO— as long as oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other,
n 11 represents an integer of 1 to 3, n 12 represents an integer of 1 to 3, and m 11 represents an integer of 1 to 2,
M 11 represents a 1,4-phenylene group; however, when n 11 represents 2 or 3, M 11 further has a bond at any desired position in the 1,4-phenylene group,
M 12 each independently represent a 1,4-phenylene group; however, when n 12 represents 2 or 3,
M 12 bonded to Z further has a bond at any desired position in the 1,4-phenylene group,
at least one 1,4-phenylene group selected from the group consisting of M 11 and M 12 may be substituted with at least one alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, at least one alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or at least one halogen; however, at least one 1,4-phenylene group selected from the group consisting of M 11 and M 12 is substituted with at least one alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms,
L 11 represents a single bond, and
when two or more R 11 , two or more Z, two or more L 11 , and two or more M 12 are present, they may each be the same or different.
2. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , comprising a compound represented by general formula (II):
wherein R 21 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, R 22 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, one —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 — present in R 22 may each independently be substituted with —O— or —S—, one or more hydrogen atoms present in R 22 may each independently be substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, and n 21 represents 0, 1, or 2.
3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (III-1) and/or general formula (III-2):
wherein R 31 to R 34 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, one —CH 2 — or two or more non-adjacent —CH 2 —present in R 31 to R 34 may each independently be substituted with —O— or —S—, and one or more hydrogen atoms present in R 31 to R 34 may each independently be substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom,
cyclic groups A 32 , B 31 , and B 32 each independently represent a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-phenylene group, a 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, a 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, a 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, a 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, a 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2] octylene group, a piperidine-1,4-diyl group, a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, or a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, and
Z 31 and Z 32 each independently represent —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 —, or a single bond.
4. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (IV-A) to general formula (IV-J):
wherein R 41 and R 42 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and X 41 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a fluorine atom, or a hydrogen atom;
however, compounds represented by general formula (II) are excluded.
5. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I-1) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (I-31) and general formula (I-32):
wherein R 107 and R 110 each represent P 13 —S 13 —,
R 108 , R 109 , R 111 , and R 112 each independently represent P 14 -S 14 -, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a fluorine atom, or a hydrogen atom, P 13 and P 14 are the same as P 11 and P 12 defined in general formula (I-1), S 13 and S 14 are the same as S 11 and S 12 defined in general formula (I-1), and when two or more P 13 , two or more P 14 , two or more S 13 , and two or more S 14 are present, they may each be the same or different,
a cyclic group A 12 represents a 1,4-phenylene group and may be unsubstituted or substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen, a cyano group, or a nitro group,
L 14 represents a single bond, and
at least one selected from the group consisting of R 108 , R 109 , R 111 ,R 112 , X 15 , X 16 , X 17 , and X 18 represents an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and/or A 12 is substituted with at least one alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
6. A liquid crystal display element that uses the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 .
7. An active matrix-driving liquid crystal display element that uses the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 .
8. A liquid crystal display element of a PSA mode, a PSVA mode, a PS-IPS mode, or a PS-FSS mode, the liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 .