Water swellable polymer as a diverter for acid stimulation treatments in high temperature environments
Methods for diverting treatment fluids to less permeable zones of subterranean formations using a water swellable agent that can degrade at high temperatures are provided. In one embodiment, the method may comprise introducing a water swellable agent into or adjacent to a permeable zone of a subterranean formation; introducing an aqueous solution into the subterranean formation to contact the water swellable agent; allowing the water swellable agent to swell when contacted by the aqueous solution; introducing a treatment fluid into the subterranean formation, wherein the water swellable agent diverts the treatment fluid away from the permeable zone; and allowing the water swellable agent to thermally degrade.
1. A method comprising:
introducing a water swellable agent into or adjacent to a permeable zone of a subterranean formation wherein the water swellable agent is a crystalline polymer, wherein the crystalline polymer is a crosslinked polyacrylamide;
introducing an aqueous solution into the subterranean formation to contact the water swellable agent;
allowing the water swellable agent to swell when contacted by the aqueous solution;
introducing a treatment fluid into the subterranean formation, wherein the water swellable agent diverts the treatment fluid away from the permeable zone; and
allowing the water swellable agent to thermally degrade at a temperature of at least 250° F., thereby removing the water swellable agent from the permeable zone without performing a secondary cleanup operation in the permeable zone.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the particle size of the water swellable agent is from about 0.04 mm to about 4 mm.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the water swellable agent swells when contacted by the aqueous solution to form a gel mass that blocks the flow of the treatment fluid through the permeable zone.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising combining the water swellable agent with a carrier fluid before introducing the water swellable agent into or adjacent to the permeable zone of the subterranean formation.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the carrier fluid is selected from the group consisting of: fresh water, brine, a potassium chloride solution, a calcium chloride solution, a hydrocarbon, a synthetic fluid, and combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein the water swellable agent is present in the carrier fluid in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 0.5 pounds of water swellable agent per gallon of carrier fluid.
7. The method of claim 4 wherein the aqueous solution comprises at least a portion of the carrier fluid.
8. The method of claim 4 wherein the carrier fluid containing the water swellable agent is introduced into the subterranean formation using one or more pumps.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising combining a gel stabilizer with the water swellable agent before introducing the water swellable agent into or adjacent to the permeable zone.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the subterranean formation has a downhole temperature of from about 250° F. to about 350° F.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the treatment fluid is selected from the group consisting of: a fracturing fluid, a gravel packing fluid, a pre-pad fluid, a pad fluid, a pre-flush fluid, an after-flush fluid, an acidic fluid, a consolidation fluid, a cementing fluid, a well bore clean-out fluid, a conformance fluid, an aqueous fluids, a non-aqueous fluids, a hydrocarbon-based fluid, a foamed fluid, and any combinations thereof.