Process and apparatus for the production of a low-shrinkage aliphatic polyamide yarn, and low-shrinkage yarn
A process and an apparatus for production of a low-shrinkage aliphatic polyamide fibre, in which polyamide is extruded through a spinneret to form filaments, then cooled and combined to form at least one yarn. The at least one yarn is subjected to drawing between the spinneret and a pair of inlet rolls, then in a further multi-stage drawing step is subjected to 4-fold to 6-fold drawing by pairs of draw rolls. The pairs of draw rolls successively heat the yarn and at least the last pair of draw rolls has a temperature of 5° C. to 20° C. below the melting point of the yarn. The yarn is relaxed by from 6% to 10% in a subsequent at least three-stage relaxation zone and is kept in a temperature range of 5° C. to 15° C. below the melting point of the yarn, and is subsequently wound up on a reel device. The invention further relates to a yarn composed of a low-shrinkage aliphatic polyamide fibre.
1. A process for the production of a low-shrinkage aliphatic polyamide yarn, comprising:
extruding polyamide through a spinneret to form filaments;
then cooling and combining the filaments to form at least one yarn;
subjecting the at least one yarn to drawing between the spinneret and a pair of inlet rolls;
then subjecting the at least one yarn in a further multi-stage drawing step to 4-fold to 6-fold drawing by at least three pairs of heatable draw rolls that successively heat the yarn, with the temperature of the pairs of heatable draw rolls being successively increased, from a temperature for the first pair of heatable draw rolls that is from 5° C. below to 30° C. above the glass transition temperature of the yarn, with the temperature of the second pair of heatable draw rolls being from 130° C., to 40° C. below a melting temperature of the yarn, and with at least a last pair of the at least three pairs of heatable draw rolls having a temperature of 5° C. to 20° C. below the melting point of the yarn;
relaxing the yarn by from 4% to 10% in a subsequent at least three-stage relaxation zone and while keeping the yarn in a temperature range of 5° C. to 15° C. below a melting point of the yarn, wherein the at least three-stage relaxation zone is formed by at least first and second pairs of rolls and a reel device following the at least first and second pairs of rolls;
operating the reel device at a speed 1% to 3% lower than the last pair of rolls in the relaxation zone; and
subsequently winding up the yarn on the reel device.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the polyamide comprises at least 90% by weight, monomeric units derived from caprolactam, or monomeric units derived from hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid (AH salt), or mixtures thereof.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in the multi-stage drawing step, includes subjecting the yarn to 4-fold to 5.5-fold drawing by the pairs of heatable draw rolls.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the last pair of draw rolls has a temperature of 5° C. to 10° C. below a melting point of the yarn.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the relaxing step includes relaxing the yarn by 8% to 10% in the at least three-stage relaxation zone.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in the at least three-stage relaxation zone, keeping the yarn in a temperature range of 5° C. to 8° C. below a melting point of the yarn.