Process and device for the production of a fibre-composite material
Very good impregnation quality is achieved by a process for production of a fiber-composite material, with introducing a fiber layer by a spreader device and thus spreading to a width greater than that of the final product, at least by a factor of 1.2, where the extent of spreading of the fiber layer is such that its average thickness is 1 to 50 times the filament diameter; applying a melt by at least one applicator nozzle to the spread material; by virtue of cross-section-narrowing, the mould brings the width of the wetted fiber layer at least to the cross section with which the product leaves the take-off die; a radius then deflects the wetted fibers by an angle of 5 to 60°; a relaxation zone renders the fiber distribution more uniform to give a uniform height; achieving the first shaping by a take-off die at the end of the mould.
1. A process for producing a fiber-composite material, comprising:
introducing a fiber layer by a spreader device such that the fiber layer is spread to a width greater than a width of a final product, at least by a factor of 1.2, and that an average thickness of the fiber layer corresponds to 1 to 50 times a diameter of fibers in the fiber layer;
applying a melt by at least one applicator nozzle to the spread fiber layer, thereby obtaining a wetted fiber layer;
narrowing a width of the wetted fiber layer to at least a cross section with which the wetted fiber layer leaves a take-off die;
after the narrowing, deflecting the wetted fiber layer by an angle of 5 to 60°;
relaxing the wetted fiber layer such that the fibers in the wetted fiber layer are more uniformly distributed and the wetted fiber layer has a uniform height; and
after the relaxing, first shaping the wetted fiber layer by the take-off die.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in the narrowing, the width of the wetted fiber layer is reduced to a cross section that is smaller than the cross section with which the wetted fiber layer leaves the take-off die, and
the process further comprises, either prior to or after the deflecting, the width of the wetted fiber layer is brought to the cross section with which the wetted fiber layer leaves the take-off die.
3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the applying, the narrowing, the deflecting, the relaxing, and the first shaping are performed in a continuous transport duct which extends from an intake to the take-off die, and the fiber layer is introduced at the intake and the wetted fiber layer leaves the transport duct from the take-off die.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a matrix of the composite material is a thermoplastic molding composition, a thermoset, a thermoplastic-thermoset hybrid system, a thermoplastic elastomer or a crosslinked elastomer.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in the deflecting, the wetted fiber layer is deflected at a deflection radius of 2 to 90 mm.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in the deflecting, the wetted fiber layer is deflected only one time.
7. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising:
after the first shaping, calendaring the wetted fiber layer that has left the strand the take-off die.
8. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising:
after the first shaping, cutting the wetted fiber layer that has left the take-off die to obtain elongate long fiber-reinforced pellets of length 4 to 60 mm.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the obtained fiber-composite material is a film, a tape, a sheet, a round profile, a rectangular profile or a complex profile.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the width of the introduced fiber layer is maintained prior to the applying of the melt.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the applying, the narrowing, the deflecting, the relaxing, and the first shaping are performed in a continuous transport duct which extends from an intake to the take-off die, and the fiber layer is introduced at the intake and the wetted fiber layer leaves the transport duct from the take-off die.