Method of producing composite components using sinter fit
A method of sinter fitting a powder metal compact around a core forms a composite component. By exploiting the shrinkage associated with the sintering of a powder metal compact, a sintered powder metal section may be dimensionally shrunk onto a core to create a mechanical interference fit between a core section and a sintered powder metal section. This method may be used to join materials such as aluminum and steel together, which traditionally have been difficult to join to one another.
1. A method of sinter fitting an aluminum powder metal compact around a steel core to form a composite component, the method comprising the sequential steps of:
compressing an aluminum powder metal to form an aluminum powder metal compact having an opening formed therein, wherein the aluminum powder metal is a pure aluminum powder metal or is an aluminum alloy powder metal;
inserting the steel core in the opening of the aluminum powder metal compact whereby an inter-component clearance is initially established in a space between the aluminum powder metal compact and the steel core; and
sintering the aluminum powder metal compact with the aluminum powder metal compact in place around the steel core to form the composite component, the composite component including a sintered aluminum powder metal section that is formed by sintering the aluminum powder metal compact and further including a steel core section comprising the steel core, whereby the sintering step results in a dimensional shrinkage of the aluminum powder metal compact as the sintered aluminum powder metal section is formed by sintering such that the sintered aluminum powder metal section of the composite component shrinks onto the steel core section to cause a mechanical interference fit between the sintered aluminum powder metal section and the steel core section to join the sections together;
wherein the steel core is a rivet having a flange on one end.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the steel core section of the composite component structurally reinforces the sintered aluminum powder metal section of the composite component.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the steel core section of the composite component inhibits distortion of the sintered aluminum powder metal section of the composite component during sintering.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sintered aluminum powder metal section of the composite component provides a skin for the steel core section of the composite component that provides improved protection from corrosion of the steel core section.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the steel core is magnetic.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sintered aluminum powder metal section provides a bearing surface.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composite component has electrical properties or thermal properties that combined differ from each of the separate sections.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum powder metal compact and sintered aluminum powder metal section are a metal matrix composite and further includes a ceramic reinforcement phase.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the steel core is fully dense when the steel core is inserted into the opening of the aluminum powder metal compact such that, during the sintering of the aluminum powder metal compact, there is no dimensional change of the steel core due to densification.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the opening in the aluminum powder metal compact extends from one face of the aluminum powder metal compact to another face of the aluminum powder metal compact and the step of inserting the steel core involves inserting the steel core such that the steel core extends through the opening.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inter-component clearance established between the aluminum powder metal compact and the steel core is between facing surfaces of the aluminum powder metal compact and the steel core.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the facing surfaces includes a surface feature selected from the group consisting of a key and D-shaped flattened faces.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein a measured dimension defined by points on the facing surface of the aluminum powder metal compact dimensionally shrinks between 1 and 5 percent during sintering.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum powder metal compact includes alloying additions other than aluminum.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the flange on the steel core mates with a generally correspondingly shaped recess on the aluminum powder metal compact.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of locating another component on an available end of the rivet and riveting the available end of the rivet in order to join the composite component to the other component.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the steel core has an axially extending opening thereby reducing the weight of the steel core.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the facing surfaces includes a surface feature selected from the group consisting of threads and splines.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the aluminum powder metal compact is a plate.