Patient interface comprising a gas washout vent
A gas washout vent for a patient interface may be configured to allow a flow of patient exhaled gas to an exterior of the patient interface to minimise rebreathing of exhaled gas by the patient and the vent may include: a plurality of vent passages extending between a first and a second side of the vent, each vent passage may include: a plurality of first openings extending from the first side towards the second side, said first openings being uniform in size and shape; a plurality of second openings extending from the second side towards the first side, said second openings being uniform in size and shape; and wherein the first openings and the second openings partially overlap each other at an interface to form constricted passages therebetween.
1. A patient interface for sealed delivery of a flow of air at a continuously positive pressure with respect to ambient air pressure to an entrance to a patient's airways including at least the patient's nares, wherein the patient interface is configured to maintain a therapy pressure in a range of about 4 cmH 2 O to about 30 cmH 2 O above ambient air pressure in use, throughout the patient's respiratory cycle, while the patient is sleeping, to ameliorate sleep disordered breathing, said patient interface comprising:
a sealing structure configured to seal against an area of the patient's face surrounding an entrance to the patient's airways;
a plenum chamber connected to the sealing structure and configured to be pressurized to the therapy pressure in use;
a positioning and stabilizing structure configured to maintain the sealing structure in sealing contact with the patient's face in use;
a gas washout vent configured to allow a vent flow of gas to exit the plenum chamber to atmosphere to minimize rebreathing of exhaled gas by the patient, said gas washout vent comprising:
a first layer having a plurality of first ellipsoidal structures arranged in rows and columns to form a plurality of first openings in a first grid; and
a second layer having a plurality of second ellipsoidal structures arranged in rows and columns to form a plurality of second openings in a second grid,
wherein the first layer and the second layer are permanently attached to one another such that the first openings and the second openings are offset relative to each other to form a plurality of constricted passages extending through the first openings and the second openings of the first layer and the second layer, respectively, to allow the vent flow of gas to pass through the gas washout vent to atmosphere.
2. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first openings and the second openings terminate at an interface to form the constricted passages.
3. The patient interface of claim 2 , wherein the interface is curved.
4. The patient interface of claim 2 , wherein the interface is flat.
5. The patient interface of claim 2 , wherein each of the first openings partially overlaps more than one of the second openings.
6. The patient interface of claim 5 , wherein each of the first openings has a substantially constant cross sectional area through the first layer that is larger than a cross sectional area of a corresponding one of the constricted passages.
7. The patient interface of claim 6 , wherein each of the second openings has a substantially constant cross sectional area through the second layer that is larger than a cross sectional area of a corresponding one of the constricted passages.
8. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each of the first openings and each of the second openings are formed by a curved wall.
9. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first openings and at least one of the second openings each has a varied cross sectional area along a flow direction through the first openings and the second openings.
10. The patient interface of claim 9 , wherein the varied cross sectional area has a minimum cross sectional area that is larger than a cross sectional area of the corresponding constricted passage.
11. The patient interface of claim 9 , wherein a cross-sectional area of each of the first openings decreases towards a corresponding one of the constricted passages.
12. The patient interface of claim 9 , wherein a cross-sectional area of each of the second openings decreases towards a corresponding one of the constricted passages.
13. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each of the constricted passages has a cross sectional area between 0.05 mm 2 and 0.2 mm 2 .
14. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each of the constricted passages has a cross sectional area of 0.1 mm 2 .
15. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each of the first openings has a cross sectional area between 0.3 mm 2 and 1 mm 2 .
16. The patient interface of claim 15 , wherein each of the first openings has a cross sectional area of 0.5 mm 2 .
17. The patient interface of claim 15 , wherein each of the second openings has a cross sectional area between 0.3 mm 2 and 1 mm 2 .
18. The patient interface of claim 17 , wherein each of the second openings has a cross sectional area of 0.5 mm 2 .
19. The patient interface of claim 2 , wherein a first axis is defined through each of the first openings and a second axis is defined through each of the second openings.
20. The patient interface of claim 19 , wherein each first axis defined through each of the first openings is parallel.
21. The patient interface of claim 20 , wherein each second axis defined through each of the second openings is parallel.
22. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first layer and the second layer are integrally formed.
23. The patient interface of claim 2 , wherein the first openings and the second openings terminate at the interface to form the constricted passages,
wherein each of the first openings and each of the second openings are formed by a curved wall,
wherein at least one of the first openings and at least one of the second openings each has a varied cross sectional area along a flow direction through the first openings and the second openings,
wherein a first axis is defined through each of the first openings and a second axis is defined through each of the second openings,
wherein each first axis defined through each of the first openings are parallel, and
wherein each second axis defined through each of the second openings are parallel.
24. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first layer and the second layer are moulded together.
25. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first ellipsoidal structures are uniform in size and shape, and
wherein the second ellipsoidal structures are uniform in size and shape.
26. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first ellipsoidal structures are different in size and shape from the second ellipsoidal structures.
27. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first openings are uniform in size and shape, and
wherein the second openings are uniform in size and shape.
28. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the gas washout vent is located on the plenum chamber.
29. The patient interface of claim 1 , further comprising an elbow configured to connect the patient interface to an air circuit, the gas washout vent being located on the elbow.
30. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first layer and the second layer are arranged such that each of the first openings is covered by one of the second ellipsoidal structures and that each of the second openings is covered by one of the first ellipsoidal structures.
31. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the first openings and the second openings are oriented such that at least one constricted passage intersects with at least one other constricted passage.
32. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each of the first ellipsoidal structures contacts at least one of the second ellipsoidal structures, and
wherein each of the second ellipsoidal structures contacts at least one of the first ellipsoidal structures.