Device and method for generating bubbles, use of the device and a fuel cell comprising the device
A device for generating bubbles, comprising a porous material having at least one hydrophilic surface ( 1 ), arranged such that a liquid ( 7 ) in which the bubbles ( 6 ) are intended to be formed may contact the hydrophilic surface ( 1 ) and at least one hydrophobic surface ( 2 ), arranged such that a gas ( 5 ) used to generate the bubbles ( 6 ) may flow past the hydrophobic surface ( 2 ) before it flows past the hydrophilic surface ( 1 ). The device may be used for creating fine bubbles in numerous applications, such as wastewater treatment, plant cultivation, aquafarming, aeration systems, bioreactors, fermeters, oil extraction or fuel cells.
1. A device for generating bubbles, comprising:
a porous material having at least one hydrophilic surface, arranged to contact a liquid in which the bubbles are intended to be formed; and
at least one hydrophobic surface, arranged to allow a gas used to generate the bubbles to flow past the hydrophobic surface before it flows past the hydrophilic surface
wherein the hydrophobic surface is provided by a second material which is a hydrophobic material, the hydrophobic material being porous;
wherein the hydrophobic material is arranged to cover the pores in the porous material or is inserted at least partially into the pores of the porous material such that a gas flow will pass through the hydrophobic material before passing the hydrophilic surface.
2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic surface extends along a face of the porous material, with the pores of the material extending away from the hydrophilic surface.
3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic surface at least partially extends inside the pores of the porous material.
4. The device according to claim 1 , further comprising a hydrophobic coating on at least part of the wall of the pores of the porous material.
5. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic material is laminated to at least a portion of the porous material.
6. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic material comprises a membrane.
7. The device according to claim 6 , wherein the membrane comprises PTFE, polypropylene or polyethylene.
8. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous material has a higher gas permeability than the hydrophobic material.
9. The device according to claim 8 , wherein the hydrophobic material has pores of a smaller diameter than those of the porous material.
10. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the pores of the hydrophobic material are tortuous.
11. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the pores of the hydrophobic material are randomly orientated.
12. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous material has a uniform structure.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the porous material comprises pores positioned with the spacing between pores is greater than the diameter of the generated bubbles such that the bubbles formed from each pore do not interact on the surface of the device.
14. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous material comprises a foil, wherein the foil comprises stainless steel.
15. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic surface comprises a coating, on the porous material, wherein the coating comprises silicon dioxide.
16. A method of generating bubbles, comprising:
providing a gas supply to the device of any preceding claim, such that the gas supply flows past the hydrophobic surface before it flows past the hydrophilic surface; and
providing a liquid in contact with the hydrophilic surface of the device.
17. A fuel cell comprising the device of claim 1 .