Device and method for forecasting wear in brake linings
A device and method for forecasting the brake lining wear, in particular the brake lining of rail vehicles, wherein the lining thicknesses, the sliding speed, the contact pressure, the total braking time, as well as optionally the temperature or the brake power are determined in a parameterization process during test drives with measurements at predefined time intervals, and the wear, the constant, as well as the material parameters are determined therefrom, where during the operating state, the wear rates are determined via the now known values of the material parameters and of the constants, and the wear is determined therefrom and, from the maximum allowable wear values, a remaining total braking time is then determined until the next lining replacement is required.
1. A method for determining abrasion of brake linings of rail vehicles, the method comprising:
determining, by a processor including memory, wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) in accordance with the relationship:
W=C·A·p ∝ ·v β ·t B γ ·P δ ·T ε ; and
determining, by the processor, a wear value from the determined wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) of brake lining thicknesses, a sliding speed (v), a contact pressure (p), a braking time (t B ), a temperature (T), a brake power (P), a constant (C) and material parameters (α, β, γ, δ, ε) during a parameterization process via measurements performed at predefined time intervals within a context of test runs utilizing a reference vehicle which is equipped with systems for capturing at least cylinder pressure and running speed such that operational efficiency of the processor is increased,
where
C=general constant,
A=lining surface,
p=contact pressure,
v=sliding speed,
t B =braking time,
P=brake power,
T=contact temperature of the friction pairing,
α=material parameter pressure
β=material parameter speed
γ=material parameter braking time,
δ=material parameter brake power, and
ε=material parameter temperature;
wherein a warning is triggered when a total braking time (t BT ), until a lining replacement is required, is smaller than a threshold level; and
wherein maintenance intervals of the vehicle are adapted corresponding to the total braking time (t BT ).
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of (i) the temperature (T) and (ii) the brake power (P) are not determined and used in a parameterization process via measurements at predefined time intervals, and an influence of values that have not been determined is eliminated in the relationship W by suitable selection of the material parameters for at least one of (i) the temperature (ε) and (ii) the brake power (δ).
3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the parameterization process is performed in relation to the reference vehicle on the test stand.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein values for an average wear rate ({tilde over (W)} m ), a valid wear (W n+1 ) and a maximum allowable wear (W max ) are applied in accordance with the following relationship:
t
B
T
=
W
max
-
W
W
~
m
to determine the total braking time (t BT ) until the lining replacement is required, and the maintenance intervals of the vehicle are correspondingly adapted.
5. A device for determining abrasion of brake linings of rail vehicles, comprising:
a processor including memory, the processor being configured to:
determine wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) in accordance with the relationship:
W=C·A·p ∝ ·v β ·t B γ ·P δ ·T ε ; and
determine a wear value from the determined wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) of a brake lining thickness, a sliding speed (v), a contact pressure (p), a braking time (t B ), temperature (T), a brake power (P) a constant (C) and material parameters (α, β, γ, δ, ε) during a parameterization process via measurements performed at predefined time intervals within a context of test runs utilizing a reference vehicle which is equipped with systems for capturing at least cylinder pressure and running speed such that operational efficiency of the processor is increased,
where
C=general constant,
A=lining surface,
p=contact pressure,
v=sliding speed,
t B =braking time,
P=brake power,
T=contact temperature of the friction pairing,
α=material parameter pressure
β=material parameter speed
γ=material parameter braking time,
δ=material parameter brake power, and
ε=material parameter temperature;
wherein a warning is triggered when a total braking time (t BT ), until a lining replacement is required, is smaller than a threshold level; and
wherein maintenance intervals of the vehicle are adapted corresponding to the total braking time (t BT ).
6. A device for determining abrasion of brake linings of rail vehicles, comprising:
a processor including memory, the processor being configured to:
determine wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) in accordance with the relationship:
W=C·A·p ∝ ·v β ·t B γ ·P δ ·T ε ; and
determine a wear value from the determined wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) of brake lining thicknesses, a sliding speed (v), a contact pressure (p), a braking time (t B ), a constant (C), a temperature (T), brake power (P) and material parameters (α,β, γ, δ, ε) during a parameterization process via measurements performed at predefined time intervals within a context of test runs utilizing a reference vehicle which is equipped with systems for capturing at least cylinder pressure and running speed such that operational efficiency of the processor is increased; and
determine a total braking time (t BT ) until a lining replacement is required and adapt maintenance intervals of a rail vehicle;
where
C=general constant,
A=lining surface,
p=contact pressure,
v=sliding speed,
t B =braking time,
P=brake power,
T=contact temperature of the friction pairing,
α=material parameter pressure,
β=material parameter speed,
γ=material parameter braking time,
δ=material parameter brake power, and
ε=material parameter temperature; and
wherein values for an average wear rate ({tilde over (W)} m ), a valid wear (W n+1 ) and a maximum allowable wear (W max ) are applied in the following relationship to:
t
B
T
=
W
max
-
W
W
~
m
determine the total braking time (t BT ) until the lining replacement is required, and maintenance intervals of the rail vehicle are correspondingly adapted;
wherein a warning is triggered when the total braking time (t BT ), until the lining replacement is required, is smaller than a threshold level; and
wherein maintenance intervals of the vehicle are adapted corresponding to the total braking time (t BT ).
7. A method for determining abrasion of brake linings of rail vehicles, the method comprising:
determining, by a processor including memory, wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) in accordance with the relationship:
W=C·A·p ∝ ·v β ·t B γ ·P δ ·T ε ;
determining, by the processor, a wear value from the determined wear rates ({tilde over (W)}) of brake lining thicknesses, a sliding speed (v), a contact pressure (p), a braking time (t B ), a temperature (T), a brake power (P), a constant (C) and material parameters (α, β, γ, δ, ε) during a parameterization process via measurements performed at predefined time intervals within a context of test runs utilizing a reference vehicle which is equipped with systems for capturing at least cylinder pressure and running speed such that operational efficiency of the processor is increased; and
optimizing a pressure point between the brake linings and disks of the rail vehicle when the determined wear value indicates the linings of the brakes of the rail vehicle are below a specified minimum thickness,
where
C=general constant,
A=lining surface,
p=contact pressure,
v=sliding speed,
t B =braking time,
P=brake power,
T=contact temperature of the friction pairing,
α=material parameter pressure
β=material parameter speed
γ=material parameter braking time,
δ=material parameter brake power, and
ε=material parameter temperature;
wherein a warning is triggered when a total braking time (t BT ), until a lining replacement is required, is below the specified minimum thickness; and
wherein maintenance intervals of the vehicle are adapted corresponding to the total braking time (t BT ).