Biosourced polymer for manufacturing, via catalytic carbonation, a non-bituminous polyhydroxyurethane binder for roadway or civil engineering-related uses
Disclosed is a biosourced polymer obtained by dual chemical functionalization of chitosan, usable for catalytic carbonation of cyclic ethers by carbon dioxide, and a binder composition for creating layers and/or coatings for road construction and/or civil engineering, marking materials, or sealing or insulation materials. The composition contains a polyhydroxyurethane polymer binder resulting from the reaction of at least one polyamine with at least one polycyclocarbonate. The polycyclocarbonate was obtained by carbonating a (cyclic) poly(ether) with carbon dioxide catalyzed by the biosourced polymer.
1. Biosourced polymer obtained by functionalization of chitosan in a manner such that it comprises monomer units of formulas A and B:
wherein M + is a cation, X − is an anion, L 1 and L 2 are, independently of one another, a divalent group, GA is an anionic group, and GC is a cationic group.
2. Biosourced polymer according to claim 1 , wherein GA is the carboxylate group.
3. Biosourced polymer according to claim 1 , wherein GC is a quaternary ammonium group.
4. Biosourced polymer according to claim 1 , further defined as being obtained by functionalization of chitosan so that it comprises monomer units of formulas A2 and B2:
wherein M + is a cation and X − is an anion.
5. Biosourced polymer according to claim 1 , wherein M + represents K + and X − represents I − .
6. Binder composition for making road construction and/or civil engineering layers and/or coatings, marking products, or sealants or insulating products, comprising a polymer binder of polyhydroxyurethane, derived from the reaction of at least one polyamine with at least one polycyclocarbonate, wherein the polycyclocarbonate was obtained by carbonation of a poly(cyclic ether) with carbon dioxide catalyzed by a biosourced polymer according to claim 1 .
7. Binder composition according to claim 6 , wherein the poly(cyclic ether) is a poly(epoxide).
8. Binder composition according to claim 7 , wherein the poly(cyclic ether) is a diepoxide.
9. Binder composition according to claim 6 , wherein the polyamine is a diamine and the polycyclocarbonate is a dicyclocarbonate.
10. Binder composition according to claim 6 , wherein the cyclocarbonate groups of the polycyclocarbonate are a 5 or 6-membered ring.
11. Binder composition according to claim 6 , wherein the polyhydroxyurethane was formed without using isocyanate reagents.
12. Method for carbonation with carbon dioxide, comprising the following steps:
providing a cyclic ether;
subjecting said cyclic ether to a carbonation reaction with carbon dioxide catalyzed by a biosourced polymer of claim 1 , and recovering a cyclocarbonate.
13. Method according to claim 12 , wherein the cyclic ether is a poly(cyclic ether) and the cyclocarbonate is a polycyclocarbonate.
14. Method according to claim 13 , further comprising the following step:
subjecting said polycyclocarbonate to a polycondensation reaction in the presence of at least one polyamine to obtain a polymer binder of polyhydroxyurethane, said binder comprising a polymer binder of polyhydroxyurethane, derived from the reaction of at least one polyamine with at least one polycyclocarbonate, wherein the polycyclocarbonate was obtained by carbonation of a poly(cyclic ether) with carbon dioxide catalyzed by a biosourced polymer obtained by functionalization of chitosan in a manner such that it comprises monomer units of formulas A and B:
wherein M + is a cation, X − is an anion, L 1 and L 2 are, independently of one another, a divalent group, GA is an anionic group, and GC is a cationic group.
15. Method according to claim 12 , wherein the carbonation reaction is carried out at a temperature of less than or equal to 100° C. under a carbon dioxide pressure of less than 10 bar for less than 4 hours.
16. Material for making road construction and/or civil engineering layers and/or coatings, comprising a binder composition according to claim 6 .
17. The material of claim 16 , further comprising an aggregate.