Plants with enhanced yield and methods of construction
Transgenic plants having enhanced yield and having enhanced seed yield are disclosed. The transgenic plants are transformed with a transgenic polynucleotide encoding one or more metabolic enzymes. The metabolic enzymes can be from any biological source. The transgenic polynucleotide(s) comprises a nucleic acid sequences encoding the metabolic enzymes under the control of functional plant promoters, the one or more metabolic enzymes are targeted to the plastids by the addition of plastid targeting signals. Optionally the functional plant promoters are seed specific promoters and the metabolic enzymes are targeted to the plastids by the addition of plastid targeting peptide heterologous to the metabolic enzymes. Methods of making the transgenic plants and transgenic polynucleotides are disclosed. The magnitude of the increases in seed yield achieved with these transgenic plants are simply unprecedented.
1. A transgenic plant comprising one or more heterologous enzymes, each heterologous enzyme encoded by a transgene, wherein:
the one or more heterologous enzymes comprise an oxygen tolerant pyruvate oxidoreductase (Por);
the transgenic plant has one or more increased properties selected from seed yield or seed oil content compared to a plant of the same species not comprising the one or more heterologous enzymes;
the transgene encoding each of the one or more heterologous enzymes includes a nucleotide sequence encoding a plastid signal peptide directing the one or more heterologous enzymes to the plastids of the transgenic plant;
the transgene encoding each of the one or more heterologous enzymes is expressed from a seed specific promoter;
the oxygen tolerant pyruvate oxidoreductase comprises pyruvate oxidoreductase of Desulfovibrio africanus encoded by nucleotides 829-5524 of SEQ ID NO: 3; and
the transgenic plant was produced from Camelina sativa.
2. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the one or more heterologous enzymes further comprise a pyruvate carboxylase (Pyc).
3. The transgenic plant according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more heterologous enzymes further comprise a malate thiokinase (SucC and SucD), a malyl-CoA Lyase (Mc1), and a pyruvate carboxylase (Pyc).
4. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the one or more heterologous enzymes further comprise a pyruvate carboxylase (Pyc) and a malate synthase (AceB).
5. The transgenic plant according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more heterologous enzymes further comprise a malate thiokinase (SucC and SucD), a malyl-CoA Lyase (Mcl), an isocitrate lyase (Icl), a pyruvate carboxylase (Pyc), and a malate synthase (AceB).
6. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant has the one or more properties increased by at least 15% compared to a plant of the same species not comprising the one or more heterologous enzymes.
7. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant has the one or more properties increased by at least 20% compared to a plant of the same species not comprising the one or more heterologous enzymes.
8. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant has the one or more properties increased by at least 25% compared to a plant of the same species not comprising the one or more heterologous enzymes.
9. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant has the one or more properties increased by at least 30% compared to a plant of the same species not comprising the one or more heterologous enzymes.
10. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant has the one or more properties increased by at least 40% compared to a plant of the same species not comprising the one or more heterologous enzymes.
11. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant has the one or more properties increased from 50% to 300% compared to a plant of the same species not comprising the one or more heterologous enzymes.
12. A method for making and selecting a plant having an increase in at least one property selected from seed yield or seed oil content compared a wild type plant, the method comprising:
providing one or more plants according to claim 1 ;
growing the one or more plants in soil;
measuring the at least one property of the one or more plants; and
selecting the one or more plants that have an increase in the at least one property compared to a wild type control plant of the same species.
13. The transgenic plant according to claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant further comprises a heterologous bicarbonate transporter transgene that includes a nucleotide sequence encoding a plastid signal peptide directing the heterologous bicarbonate transporter to plastids of the transgenic plant.
14. The transgenic plant of claim 13 , wherein the bicarbonate transporter transgene is derived from cyanobacteria and is modified to contain a sequence that targets the protein to the plastid envelope.
15. The transgenic plant of claim 13 where the bicarbonate transporter transgene is derived from algae.
16. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic plant further comprises, as a transgene, a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CCP1 gene having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.
17. The transgenic plant of claim 13 , wherein the bicarbonate transporter transgene is expressed from a seed specific promoter.