Access and driver authentication system with increased security against relay attacks using movement sensor technology integrated into the authentication tool
An authentication system for vehicles that has a minimum of one authentication element for detecting a movement, vibration and/or inclination. An apparatus generates a movement, vibration and/or inclination. The authentication element, in particular a key or a keyless go device for a vehicle, for example an automobile, has a wireless interface for sending and receiving an authentication signal and a sensor element for detecting a movement, vibration and/or inclination. The apparatus is positioned in/on the vehicle, and has at least one actuator for generating a movement, vibration and/or inclination, as well as a wireless device for sending and receiving an authentication signal. The at least one actuator is positioned on a transmission device, in particular on a vehicle, in order to generate an authentication signal through a movement, vibration and/or inclination. It also transmits this signal to the authentication element. A process is provided for position monitoring with an authentication system, including at least one authentication element for detecting a movement, vibration and/or inclination and an apparatus for generating a movement, vibration and/or inclination.
1. An authentication system for vehicles, said authentication system comprising:
at least one authentication element for detecting at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination, said authentication element including:
a wireless interface for sending and receiving an authentication signal;
a sensor element for detecting at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination; and
an apparatus for generating at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination, said apparatus including:
at least one actuator for generating the at least one of movement, vibration, and inclination; and
a wireless device for sending and receiving an authentication signal;
wherein the apparatus is positioned in or on the vehicle; and
wherein the at least one actuator is positioned on a transmission device on a vehicle in order to generate an authentication signal caused by the at least one of movement, vibration, and inclination and transfer this signal to the authentication element.
2. The authentication system in accordance with claim 1 , where the sensor element of the authentication element has at least one of an acceleration sensor, one rotation rate sensor, and inclinometer for the purpose of detecting a at least one of movement, vibration, and inclination.
3. The authentication system in accordance with claim 2 , where a said one acceleration sensor detects a linear acceleration in at least one spatial direction, and the sensor element has three acceleration sensors positioned orthogonally to each other,
where a said rotation rate sensor detects an angular velocity about a at least one spatial direction, and the sensor element has three rotation rate sensors positioned orthogonally to each other,
where a said inclinometer detects a gradient or an angle in at least one spatial direction, and the sensor element has three inclinometers positioned orthogonally to each other.
4. The authentication system in accordance with claim 1 , where the apparatus has a sensor device for detecting at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination, and where the sensor device has at least of a acceleration sensor, a rotation rate sensor, and a minimum of one inclinometer.
5. The authentication system in accordance with claim 4 , where the at least one acceleration sensor detects a linear acceleration in at least one spatial direction, and the sensor device has three acceleration sensors positioned orthogonally to each other,
where the at least one rotation rate sensor detects an angular velocity in at least one spatial direction, and the sensor device has three rotation rate sensors positioned orthogonally to each other,
where the at least one inclinometer detects a gradient or an angle in at least of one spatial direction and the sensor device has three inclinometers positioned orthogonally to each other.
6. The authentication system in accordance with claim 4 ,
where the apparatus also has a control device which is connected with the at least one of actuator the sensor device, and the wireless device,
where the control device preferably has a function logic for processing authentication signals and a signal generation and detection device for generating and detecting at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination,
where the control device actuate the at least one actuator to generate at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination,
where the sensor device detects the at least one generated movement, vibration, or inclination,
where the function logic actuate the at least one actuator in order to convert a predefined and/or random authentication signal into at least one of movement, vibration, and inclination and to generate same.
7. The authentication system in accordance with claim 6 , where the authentication element also has a signal processing and forwarding device which converts at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination detected by the sensor element into an authentication signal and forwards the authentication signal over the wireless interface to the wireless device of the apparatus, where the control device connected to the wireless device compares the authentication signal received by the wireless device in the function logic to the authentication signal detected by the sensor device or to the authentication signal generated by the function logic, which is predefined or random.
8. A process for position monitoring with an authentication system in accordance with claim 1 , where the authentication system includes at least one authentication element for detecting at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination and an apparatus for generating at least one of a movement, vibration, and inclination, the process comprising the steps of:
generating an authentication signal by the apparatus in the form of at least one of a movement and a vibration,
detecting the authentication signals by the authentication element,
transmitting the detected authentication signals from the authentication element to the apparatus,
comparing the generated authentication signals with the detected authentication signals in the apparatus,
wherein when the comparison is positive, the position of the authentication element is defined on the movement and/or vibration area of the apparatus,
wherein in the event of a positive comparison, a function is activated,
wherein in the event of a negative comparison, the position of the authentication element is not known and
wherein in the event of a negative comparison, a safety function is activated.
9. The process in accordance with claim 8 ,
wherein the generation of authentication signals includes, in the form of a movement and/or vibration, the activation of at least one actuator of the apparatus for generating movements and/or vibration,
wherein the detection of the authentication signals includes detection using the signal processing and forwarding device of the authentication element using the sensor element,
wherein the transmission of the detected authentication signals includes transmission from the signal processing and forwarding device to the control device over a wireless connection of the wireless interface and wireless device,
wherein the comparison of the generated authentication signals with the detected authentications signals includes the comparison of the signals in the control device, in particular in the function logic.
10. The process in accordance with claim 8 , where the process includes the following additional steps, which are preferably carried out before the generation of authentication signals:
connecting the apparatus to the authentication element through establishing a wireless connection,
synchronizing the time between the authentication element and apparatus over the established wireless connection and activating the sensor element of the authentication element.
11. The process in accordance with claim 10 ,
where the connection of the apparatus to the authentication element includes connecting the control device of the apparatus to the signal processing and forwarding device of the authentication element by establishing a wireless connection between the wireless interface of the authentication element and the wireless device of the apparatus,
where the connection of the control device to the wireless interface is initiated through activation of a trigger element of the apparatus,
where the synchronization of the time between the authentication element and the apparatus includes synchronization of the time between the function logic of the apparatus and the signal processing and forwarding device of the authentication element over the established wireless connection,
where the activation of the sensor element of the authentication element includes activation of the sensor element by the signal processing and forwarding device.
12. The process in accordance with claim 8 ,
where, upon generation of authentication signals, the at least one actuator is controlled by the control device, where the signal generation and detection device actuates the at least one actuator in accordance with the function logic in order to convert an authentication signal into a movement and/or vibration,
where upon generation of the authentication signals, the at least one actuator is started at a defined point in time,
where upon detection of the authentication signals, the signal processing and forwarding device detects the authentication signals detected by the sensor element as a function of the synchronized time,
where the detection of authentication signals takes place within a specified time and
where the comparison step also includes a comparison of the authentication signals as a function of time.
13. The process in accordance with one of the claims 8 to 12 , where the subsequent steps are carried out as supplement to the steps of generating and detecting authentication signals:
generating authentication signals through reading the gradient or the angle from the sensor device of the apparatus,
detecting authentication signals through reading the gradient or the angle from the sensor element of the authentication element.
14. The process in accordance with claim 8 , where the subsequent steps are carried out as supplement to the step of comparing the authentication signals:
comparing the authentication signals generated by the sensor device of the apparatus with the authentication signals of the authentication element detected by the sensor element, where, in the event that the comparison is positive, the position of the authentication element is defined down to a range with largely the same inclination,
where in the event of a positive comparison, a function is activated,
where, in the event of a negative comparison, the position of the authentication element is not known and
where in the event of a negative comparison, a safety function is activated.
15. The process in accordance with claim 8 , wherein,
the step of generating authentication signals through activation of the at least one actuator includes a definable variation of the movement generated by the at least one actuator over time, amplitude and/or frequency,
the step of transmitting the authentication signals includes encryption and/or compression of the authentication signals,
upon comparison of the authentication signals of the authentication element with the authentication signals of the apparatus, the two sets of signal data match if the authentication signals of the authentication element lie within a definable tolerance range that is approximately equal to the values for the authentication signals of the apparatus,
after comparison of the authentication signals, the wireless connection between the wireless interface and the wireless device is disconnected, where the sensor element of the authentication element is also deactivated by the signal processing and forwarding device.