Lyophilization of RNA
The present invention is directed to the field of RNA formulation, in particular to lyophilization of RNA. The invention provides a method for lyophilization of RNA. The present invention further concerns a lyophilized composition obtainable by the inventive method, a pharmaceutical composition, a vaccine and a kit or kit of parts. Moreover, the present invention provides a novel use of a lyoprotectant for lyophilizing RNA, the use of the inventive method in the manufacture of a medicament as well as the first and second medical use of the composition obtainable by the inventive method, the pharmaceutical composition, the vaccine or the kit or kit of parts according to the invention.
1. A method for lyophilizing long-chain RNA, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a) providing a liquid having a glass transition temperature comprising at least one long-chain RNA and at least one lyoprotectant, wherein the glass transition temperature of the liquid is in a range from −15° C. to −50° C.;
b) introducing the liquid provided into a freeze drying chamber of a freeze dryer;
c) cooling the liquid to a freezing temperature, wherein the cooling is performed at a defined cooling rate;
d) freezing the liquid having the glass transition temperature at the freezing temperature in order to obtain a frozen liquid, wherein the freezing temperature is in a range from 0.5° C. to 25° C. below the glass transition temperature of the liquid provided in step a);
e) reducing the pressure in the freeze drying chamber to a pressure below atmospheric pressure;
f) drying the frozen liquid obtained in step d) in order to obtain a lyophilized composition comprising the at least one long-chain RNA and at least one lyoprotectant, wherein drying comprises heating the frozen liquid obtained in step d) to a drying temperature, wherein the heating is performed at a defined heating rate, wherein the defined heating rate is in a range from 0.1° C./h to 20° C./h; and
g) equilibrating the pressure in the freeze drying chamber to atmospheric pressure and removing the lyophilized composition comprising the at least one long-chain RNA and the at least one lyoprotectant obtained in step f) from the freeze drying chamber.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one long-chain RNA comprises from 100 to 50,000 nucleotides.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one long-chain RNA is not a viral RNA or an RNA that is derived from a viral RNA.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drying temperature is lower than the glass transition temperature of the liquid.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drying temperature is in a range from −40° C. to 40° C.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid further comprises at least one cationic or polycationic compound.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the cationic or polycationic compound is a cationic or polycationic peptide or protein.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the at least one long-chain RNA and the at least one cationic or polycationic compound are present in a complex.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one long-chain RNA comprises at least one coding region.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one long-chain RNA is an mRNA.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lyoprotectant is a carbohydrate compound, preferably selected from the group consisting of mannitol, sucrose, glucose, mannose, trehalose.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the lyoprotectant in the liquid provided in step a) is in a range from 1 to 20% (w/w).
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the at least one long-chain RNA in the liquid provided in step a) is in a range from 0.1 to 10 g/l.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the glass transition temperature of the liquid is in a range from −25° C. to −40° C.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the freezing temperature is in a range from −50° C. to −35° C.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooling rate in step c) is in a range from 0.1° C./min to 2° C./min.
17. A method for lyophilizing single-stranded RNA, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a) providing a liquid having a glass transition temperature comprising at least one single-stranded RNA and at least one lyoprotectant, wherein the glass transition temperature of the liquid is in a range from −15° C. to −50° C.;
b) introducing the liquid provided into a freeze drying chamber of a freeze dryer;
c) cooling the liquid to a freezing temperature, wherein the cooling is performed at a defined cooling rate;
d) freezing the liquid having the glass transition temperature at the freezing temperature in order to obtain a frozen liquid having the glass transition temperature, wherein the freezing temperature is in a range from 0.5° C. to 25° C. below the glass transition temperature of the liquid provided in step a);
e) reducing the pressure in the freeze drying chamber to a pressure below atmospheric pressure;
f) drying the frozen liquid obtained in step d) in order to obtain a lyophilized composition comprising the at least one single-stranded RNA and at least one lyoprotectant, wherein drying comprises heating the frozen liquid obtained in step d) to a drying temperature, wherein the heating is performed at a defined heating rate, wherein the defined heating rate is in a range from 0.1° C./h to 20° C./h; and
g) equilibrating the pressure in the freeze drying chamber to atmospheric pressure and removing the lyophilized composition comprising the at least one single-stranded RNA and the at least one lyoprotectant obtained in step f) from the freeze drying chamber.