Device for DC current transmission and cooling method
The present disclosure relates to DC transmission. Some embodiments may include a device for DC transmission comprising: a superconducting transmission line including a superconducting conductor element; and a cooling device for cooling an inner region of the transmission line with a fluid coolant to a temperature below a critical temperature of the superconducting conductor element. The superconducting transmission line may comprise a vacuum-insulated sleeve thermally isolating the inner region of the transmission line from a warmer outer surrounding area. The cooling device may comprise a feed device feeding coolant at an end region of the transmission line into the inner region of the transmission line. The transmission line may be free of internally arranged feed devices for feeding coolant at locations away from the end region.
1. A device for DC transmission, the device comprising:
a superconducting transmission line including a solid cylindrical superconducting conductor element; and
a coolant channel for cooling an inner region of the transmission line with a fluid coolant to a temperature below a critical temperature of the solid cylindrical superconducting conductor element, the solid cylindrical superconducting conductor element centered in the coolant channel;
wherein the superconducting transmission line comprises a vacuum-insulated sleeve thermally isolating the inner region of the transmission line from a warmer outer surrounding area;
a feed device feeding the fluid coolant at an end region of the transmission line into the coolant channel; and
at least one layer of a polypropylene-laminated paper disposed in the coolant channel, wherein the fluid coolant flows both inside and outside the at least one layer;
wherein the transmission line is free of internally arranged feed devices for feeding coolant at locations away from the end region.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transmission line comprises:
an electrically conductive line shield surrounding the superconducting conductor element; and
an annular dielectric insulation layer between the superconducting conductor element and the line shield;
wherein the dielectric insulation layer comprises the fluid coolant.
3. The device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the dielectric insulation layer has a breakdown strength of at least 20 kV/mm.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the coolant channel comprises a smooth-walled tube over at least a majority of a longitudinal extent of the transmission line.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the superconducting conductor element comprises a high-temperature superconducting material.
6. The device as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the high-temperature superconducting material comprises magnesium diboride.
7. The device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising only one feed device for feeding coolant at one of the end regions of the transmission line.
8. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transmission line comprises two fluidically isolated coolant channels for transporting the fluid coolant in opposite directions.
9. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transmission line comprises two coolant channels running coaxially in relation to one another.
10. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fluid coolant comprises at least one chosen from the group consisting of: nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, and neon.
11. A device for DC transmission, the device comprising:
a superconducting transmission line including two solid cylindrical superconducting conductor elements; and
a coolant channel for cooling an inner region of the transmission line with a fluid coolant to a temperature below a critical temperature of the solid cylindrical superconducting conductor element, the coolant channel surrounding the two solid cylindrical superconducting conductor elements;
wherein the superconducting transmission line comprises a vacuum-insulated sleeve thermally isolating the inner region of the transmission line from a warmer outer surrounding area;
wherein the two solid cylindrical superconducting conductor elements are disposed opposite from one another across a central axis of the coolant channel and separated from walls of the inner region of the transmission line defining the coolant channel;
a feed device feeding the fluid coolant at an end region of the transmission line into the coolant channel; and
at least one layer of a polypropylene-laminated paper disposed in the coolant channel, wherein the fluid coolant flows both inside and outside the at least one layer;
wherein the transmission line is free of internally arranged feed devices for feeding coolant at locations away from the end region.
12. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the transmission line comprises:
an electrically conductive line shield surrounding the superconducting conductor element; and
an annular dielectric insulation layer between the superconducting conductor element and the line shield;
wherein the dielectric insulation layer comprises the fluid coolant.
13. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the coolant channel comprises a smooth-walled tube over at least a majority of a longitudinal extent of the transmission line.
14. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the superconducting conductor element comprises a high-temperature superconducting material.
15. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the superconducting conductor element comprises magnesium diboride.
16. The device as claimed in claim 11 , further comprising only one feed device for feeding coolant at one of the end regions of the transmission line.
17. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the transmission line comprises two fluidically isolated coolant channels for transporting the fluid coolant in opposite directions.
18. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the transmission line comprises a two-pole line with the two superconducting conductor elements electrically insulated from one another within a common vacuum-insulated sleeve.
19. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the transmission line comprises two coolant channels running coaxially in relation to one another.
20. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the fluid coolant comprises at least one chosen from the group consisting of: nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, and neon.