Methods for modulating RNA splicing
In one aspect, described herein is a recognition element for splicing modifier (REMS) that can be recognized by a compound provided herein. In another aspect, described herein are methods for modulating the amount of a product of a gene, wherein a precursor RNA transcript transcribed from the gene contains a REMS, and the methods utilizing a compound described herein. More particularly, described herein are methods for modulating the amount of an RNA transcript or protein product encoded by a gene, wherein a precursor RNA transcript transcribed from the gene comprises a REMS, and the methods utilizing a compound described herein. In another aspect, provided herein are artificial gene constructs comprising a REMS, and uses of those artificial gene constructs to modulate functional protein production. In another aspect, provided herein are methods for altering endogenous genes to comprise a REMS, and the use of a compound described herein to modulate the functional protein produced from such altered endogenous genes.
1. An artificial gene construct comprising (A) a DNA sequence encoding exons and one, two or more introns, wherein a nucleotide sequence encoding a 5′ splice site, which is upstream of a nucleotide sequence encoding a branch point and a nucleotide sequence encoding a 3′ splice site, is modified to introduce a nucleotide sequence encoding a non-endogenous recognition element for splicing modifier (REMS) and wherein the non-endogenous REMS comprises the sequence ANGAtrngan (SEQ ID NO: 7) in the DNA sequence, wherein r is A or G and n is any nucleotide; or (B) an RNA sequence comprising exons and one, two or more introns, wherein a 5′ splice site, which is upstream of a branch point and a 3′ splice site, is modified to introduce a non-endogenous REMS, and wherein the non-endogenous REMS comprises the sequence ANGAgurngn (SEQ ID NO: 3) in the RNA sequence, wherein r is A or G and n is any nucleotide.
2. The artificial gene construct of claim 1 , wherein the artificial gene construct comprises at least the exons of a gene encoding a protein selected from a therapeutic protein or a detectable reporter protein.
3. The artificial gene construct of claim 1 , which comprises the DNA sequence.
4. The artificial gene construct of claim 1 , wherein the nucleotide sequence encoding the non-endogenous REMS in the DNA sequence comprises the sequence ANGAgtragt (SEQ ID NO: 8), wherein r is A or G and N is any nucleotide.
5. A vector comprising the artificial gene construct of claim 1 .
6. An ex vivo cell comprising the artificial gene construct of claim 1 .
7. An ex vivo cell comprising the vector of claim 5 .
8. A viral vector comprising the artificial gene construct of claim 1 .
9. The viral vector of claim 8 , which is an adeno-associated virus, self-complimentary adeno-associated virus, adenovirus, retrovirus, lentivirus, Newcastle disease virus, herpes virus, alphavirus, or vaccinia virus.
10. An artificial gene construct comprising (A) a DNA sequence encoding exons, a 5′ splice site, a branch point, and a 3′ splice site, wherein a nucleotide sequence encoding a 5′ splice site, which is upstream of a nucleotide sequence encoding a branch point and a nucleotide sequence encoding a 3′ splice site, is modified to introduce a nucleotide sequence encoding a non-endogenous REMS and wherein the non-endogenous REMS comprises the sequence ANQAgtrngn (SEQ ID NO: 7) in the DNA sequence, wherein r is A or G and n is any nucleotide; or (B) an RNA sequence comprising exons, a 5′ splice site, a branch point, and a 3′ splice site, wherein a 5′ splice site, which is upstream of a branch point and a 3′ splice site, is modified to introduce a REMS and wherein the REMS comprises the sequence ANGAgurngn (SEQ ID NO: 3) in the RNA sequence, wherein r is A or G and n is any nucleotide.
11. The artificial gene construct of claim 10 , wherein the artificial gene construct comprises at least the exons of a gene encoding a protein selected from a therapeutic protein or a detectable reporter protein.
12. The artificial gene construct of claim 4 , which comprises the DNA sequence.
13. The artificial gene construct of claim 10 , wherein the nucleotide sequence encoding the non-endogenous REMS in the DNA sequence comprises the sequence ANGAgtragt (SEQ ID NO: 8), wherein r is A or G and N is any nucleotide.
14. A vector comprising the artificial gene construct of claim 10 .
15. An ex vivo cell comprising the artificial gene construct of claim 10 .
16. An ex vivo cell comprising the vector of claim 14 .
17. A viral vector comprising the artificial gene construct of claim 10 .
18. The viral vector of claim 17 , which is an adeno-associated virus, adenovirus, self-complimentary adeno-associated virus, retrovirus, lentivirus, Newcastle disease virus, herpes virus, alphavirus, or vaccinia virus.
19. The artificial gene construct of claim 1 , which comprises the RNA sequence.
20. The artificial gene construct of claim 1 , wherein the nucleotide sequence encoding the non-endogenous REMS in the RNA sequence comprises the sequence ANGAguragu (SEQ ID NO: 4), wherein r is A or G and N is any nucleotide.
21. The artificial gene construct of claim 10 , which comprises the RNA sequence.
22. The artificial gene construct of claim 10 , wherein the nucleotide sequence encoding the non-endogenous REMS in the RNA sequence comprises the sequence ANGAguragu (SEQ ID NO: 4), wherein r is A or G and N is any nucleotide.