Forehearth frits, pearls and/or concentrates for fluorescence
The present invention relates to the field of forehearth frits, pearls, and/or concentrates for use in glass compositions. In particular, the present invention provides a system of forehearth frits, pearls, and/or concentrates that is capable of parting a fluorescent effect to a glass composition by adding a fluorescent glass fit, pearl or concentrate in the forehearth of a glass furnace, to form fluorescent glass and a method of using the fluorescent system of forehearth frits, pearls, and/or concentrates.
1. A method for imparting a fluorescent effect to a molten base glass in the forehearth of a glass furnace, the method comprising the step of:
a. forming a fluorescent frit, pearl, or concentrate comprising:
from about 32 to about 47 wt % of a metal compound other than compounds including silicon, boron, alkalis, beryllium, magnesium, strontium, barium and radium, nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium,
from about 31 to about 49 wt % SiO 2 ,
from about 0.2 to about 3 wt % B 2 O 3 ,
from about 12 to about 22 wt % Na 2 O,
from about 0.2 to about 2 wt % CaO,
no nickel, no chromium, no lead and no cadmium
b. combining the fluorescent frit, pearl, or concentrate with the molten base glass contained in a forehearth so as to impart a fluorescent effect to the molten base glass; and
c. cooling the molten base glass to form a fluorescent glass composition.
2. A soda-lime glass prepared by a method of claim 1 .
3. A borosilicate glass prepared by a method of claim 1 .
4. An opalescent glass prepared by a method of claim 1 .
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent frit, pearl, or concentrate comprises:
from about 34 to about 46 wt % of a metal compound other than compounds including silicon, boron, alkalis, beryllium, magnesium, strontium, barium and radium, nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium,
from about 35 to about 44 wt % SiO 2 ,
from about 0.2 to about 2.5 wt % B 2 O 3 ,
from about 13 to about 20.5 wt % Na 2 O,
from about 0.2 to about 1.5 wt % CaO.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent frit, pearl, or concentrate is combined with the molten base glass contained in the forehearth at a rate of 0.1-5% by weight.
7. A method for imparting a fluorescent effect to a molten base glass in the forehearth of a glass furnace comprising the steps of:
a. forming a fluorescent glass frit, pearl, or concentrate, which comprises:
from about 10-36 wt % of rare earth oxide selected from the group consisting of europium oxide, terbium oxide, dysprosium oxide, gadolinium oxide, samarium oxide, thulium oxide, or combinations of thereof, and
from about 15-65 wt % SiO 2 ;
from about 0-15 wt % Li 2 O;
from about 0-5 wt % Al 2 O 3 ;
from about 3-25 wt % B 2 O 3 ;
from about 5-15 wt % Na 2 O; and
from about 0-8 wt % CaO;
b. combining the fluorescent frit, pearl, or concentrate with the molten base glass contained in a forehearth so as to impart a fluorescent effect to the molten base glass; and
c. cooling the molten base glass to form a fluorescent glass composition,
wherein the fluorescent glass frit, pearl, or concentrate is devoid of nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium.
8. The method of claim 7 , comprising:
from about 10-35 wt % of rare earth oxide selected from the group consisting of europium oxide, terbium oxide, dysprosium oxide, gadolinium oxide, samarium oxide, thulium oxide, or combinations of thereof.
9. The method of claim 7 , comprising:
from about 10-30 wt % of rare earth oxide selected from the group consisting of europium oxide, terbium oxide, dysprosium oxide, gadolinium oxide, samarium oxide, thulium oxide, or combinations of thereof.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the fluorescent frit, pearl, or concentrate is combined with the molten base glass contained in the forehearth at a rate of 0.1-5% by weight.
11. A soda-lime glass prepared by a method of claim 7 .
12. A borosilicate glass prepared by a method of claim 7 .
13. An opalescent glass prepared by a method of claim 7 .
14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the rare earth oxide comprises terbium oxide.