Apparatus and method for preventing particle interference of downhole devices
A device and method for inhibiting particle (e.g., sand) accumulation on down hole equipment, such as an ESP, particularly when the equipment is not in use. The device and methods permit the equipment to start and stop with fewer break downs and at greater efficiency. The device includes a central tubular section connecting the equipment to the production tubing string. The tubular section is surrounded by an annulus and a number of ports in the tubular section angled to allow fluid communication between the tubular section and the annulus during operation, but prevent particles from flowing from the annulus into the tubular section when not in use. A check valve between the tube and ESP assists in isolating the ESP from sand.
1. A device for preventing particle interference with downhole lifting equipment in a well bore having a production tubing string, comprising:
an elongated tube positioned between the downhole lifting equipment and the surface and in fluid communication with the lifting equipment and the production tubing string, said tube comprising a proximal uphole end and a distal downhole end, with a stationary cap at the uphole end;
a housing positioned around the tube defining an annulus portion between the tube and housing;
a check valve proximate the distal end of the tube operable to permit fluid flow upward into the tube and to inhibit fluid from flowing downward through the device;
a plurality of ports positioned in the wall of the tube operable to permit fluid flow and the passage of entrained solid particles from the tube into the annulus during upward flow of fluid and operable to inhibit particles from entering the tube when upward flow is absent,
wherein the ports are spaced along the tube and oriented at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the elongated tube relative to the distal end.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ports are at an acute angle between 30-60° relative to the wall of the tube.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the largest number of ports are positioned nearest the distal end.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the fewest number of ports are positioned nearest the proximal end.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the ports have an angle and size that, along with the given thickness of the tube, inhibit particles from movement into the tube when upward flow through the device is absent.
6. A method of operating lifting equipment in a well bore comprising:
positioning the lifting equipment in the well bore downhole from the surface and operable to pump fluid through a production tubing string to the surface;
connecting a particle inhibiting device to the production tubing string between the lifting equipment and the surface, the device having
an outer housing,
a central tubular portion with a stationary cap at the uphole end,
a surrounding annulus portion between the central tubular portion and the outer housing,
a plurality of spaced ports communicating between the annulus portion and the central tubular portion, the ports being spaced along the central tubular portion, sized to permit the passage of entrained solid particles during upward fluid flow, and oriented at an acute angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and
a check valve operable to allow upward flow from the lifting equipment and to inhibit fluid flow downward through the device when the lifting equipment is not operating;
operating the lifting equipment to flow fluid upward through the check valve into the tubular portion through the ports into the annulus portion and into the production tubing; and
ceasing operation of the lifting equipment.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the ports are more dense closest to the downhole distal end of the central tubular portion.
8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising resuming operation of the lifting equipment.
9. A system for preventing particle interference in a well bore having a production tubing string, comprising:
lifting equipment; and
a device positioned between the downhole lifting equipment and the surface and in fluid communication with the lifting equipment and the production tubing string, said device comprising:
an elongated tube comprising a proximal uphole end and a distal downhole end, with a stationary cap at the uphole end;
a housing positioned around the tube defining an annulus portion between the tube and housing;
a check valve proximate the distal end of the tube operable to permit fluid flow upward into the tube and to inhibit fluid from flowing downward through the device;
a plurality of ports positioned in the wall of the tube operable to permit fluid flow and the passage of entrained solid particles from the tube into the annulus during upward flow of fluid and operable to inhibit particles from entering the tube when upward flow is absent,
wherein the ports are spaced along the tube and oriented at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the elongated tube relative to the distal end.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the lifting equipment comprises an electric submersible pump (ESP).