Method of marking hydrocarbon liquids
Method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes adding to the liquid, a tracer compound of Formula I or II: wherein at least one of R 1 -R 6 in Formula I and at least one of R 7 -R 14 in Formula II is selected from: i. a bromine or fluorine atom; ii. a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group; iii. a branched or cyclic C 4 -C 20 alkyl group; iv. an aliphatic substituent linking two positions selected from R 1 -R 6 in Formula I to one another or two positions selected from R 7 -R 14 in Formula II to one another; or v. a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom, an aliphatic group or halogenated aliphatic group and none of R 1 -R 6 and none of R 7 -R 14 being a sulphonate group or COOR 15 , where R 15 represents H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl or aryl.
1. A method of identifying a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the steps of:
adding to said liquid, 1,3,5-tritertbutylbenezne as a tracer compound,
and
subsequently analysing a sample of a hydrocarbon liquid for the presence of said tracer compound to determine whether said sample is a sample of said marked hydrocarbon liquid.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has passed through a column of fresh activated charcoal.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has passed through a column of fresh powdered sepiolitic clay.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the tracer compound has a boiling point within the distillation range of the hydrocarbon liquid or within 10° C. of the boiling point of the hydrocarbon liquid.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein more than one tracer compound is added to the hydrocarbon liquid.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with 10% aqueous HCI.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with 10% aqueous H 2 SO 4 .
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with 10% aqueous NaOH.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with methanolic KOH.
10. A hydrocarbon liquid containing a tracer compound as used in claim 1 at a concentration of from 1 to 500 ppbv.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the tracer compound is added to the hydrocarbon liquid in such a quantity as to produce a final concentration in the liquid of from 1 to 500 ppbv.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the tracer compound is added to the hydrocarbon liquid in such a quantity as to produce a final concentration in the liquid in the range from 1-100 ppbv.