Vortex driven passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter
An igniter apparatus which generates a high speed buoyancy induced vortex to funnel hydrogen and air from the surrounding onto the “igniter core” where an “igniter core” heats up to the auto ignition temperature by the exothermic catalytic oxidation of hydrogen on its surface. Water (vapor) is formed as the product, which inhibits the oxidation reaction, if not stripped away from the catalyst surface. The high velocity of the vortex ensures the stripping of the boundary layer of steam that is formed by the reaction, thus ensuring more active sites are available for hydrogen oxidation. The vortex is formed by channeling an upward draft into a vortex by guided fins. The upward draft is formed by a plate, which is also coated with a hydrogen recombination catalyst. The plate becomes hot by the same catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of air containing hydrogen.
1. A passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter comprising:
a substantially horizontal, flat metallic plate having an underside coated with a hydrogen recombination catalyst, supported in a peripheral housing having a first gaseous intake below the substantially horizontal, flat metallic plate and a first gaseous outlet around a periphery of the substantially horizontal, metallic plate;
a second gaseous intake through the housing and through a first set of swirl vanes substantially proximate to and in communication with an upper side of the substantially horizontal, flat metallic plate, with the first set of swirl vanes configured to create a vortex out of a second gas traversing the second gaseous intake;
a second gaseous outlet through an upper portion of the housing through which the vortex exits;
a first passive igniter supported proximate the first gaseous intake; and
a second passive igniter supported proximate the second gaseous outlet.
2. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen recombination catalyst is either platinum or palladium or a combination thereof.
3. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein the underside of the substantially horizontal, flat metallic plate includes downwardly projecting vanes covered with the hydrogen recombination catalyst, structured to direct a first gas entering the first gaseous intake to the first gaseous outlet.
4. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein the first gaseous outlet extends up through an interior of at least some of the first set of swirl vanes and exits outside the second gaseous outlet.
5. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 4 wherein the first set of swirl vanes are structured to transfer heat from the first gas traveling through the swirl vanes to the second gas entering the second gaseous intake.
6. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein the first igniter is a platinum or palladium wire.
7. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 6 wherein the wire is wound as a spring to increase its surface area.
8. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein the second igniter is powered by the vortex.
9. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 8 wherein the second igniter is a rotating device that accumulates charge, similar to a van de Graf generator, to create a spark as an ignition activation energy.
10. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 8 wherein the second igniter is a rotating device that drives an electric generator that charges a capacitor, which is structured to throw a spark once a particular voltage is reached.
11. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 8 wherein the second igniter is a rotating device that drives a piezoelectric device to create a spark.
12. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein the second gaseous outlet includes a cover spaced from the second gaseous outlet so the second gas can exhaust from under the cover.
13. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein an upper side of the substantially horizontal, flat metallic plate has a second set of swirl vanes attached to its surface.
14. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter if claim 13 wherein the second set of vanes are co-directional with the vortex.
15. The passive hydrogen recombiner and igniter of claim 1 wherein an upper side of the substantially horizontal, flat metallic plate is substantially covered with a hydrogen recombination catalyst.