Porous implant structures
Porous biocompatible structures suitable for use as medical implants and methods for fabricating such structures are disclosed. The disclosed structures may be fabricated using rapid manufacturing techniques. The disclosed porous structures each have a plurality of struts and nodes where no more than two struts intersect one another to form a node. Further, the nodes can be straight, curved, and can include portions that are curved and/or straight. The struts and nodes can form cells that can be fused or sintered to at least one other cell to form a continuous reticulated structure for improved strength while providing the porosity needed for tissue and cell in-growth.
1. A method for fabricating a porous structure, said method comprising the steps of:
creating a computer aided design (CAD) model of the porous structure; the creating comprising:
determining a shape and size of a frame for one or more cells of the porous structure, where the shape of the frame comprises a geometric shape selected from the group consisting of Archimedean shapes, Platonic shapes, strictly convex polyhedrons, prisms, anti-prisms and combinations thereof;
defining the frame based on the shape and size determined;
defining two or more struts with a first end, a second end, and a continuous elongated body having a length between the first and second ends for each strut, wherein said body comprises a curved portion, the curved portion curves along at least a portion of the length between the first and second ends;
defining at least one junction with a tangential intersection between two of said curved portions; and
adding the two or more struts and the at least one junction to the frame;
selecting a thickness for the frame and the one or more struts; and
fabricating the porous structure according to the CAD model by exposing fusible material to an energy source.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the adding step is performed by inscribing or circumscribing the curved portion of the two or more struts within or around one or more faces of the selected shape.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of: removing a portion of the frame from one or more cells of the CAD model before the fabrication step.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the fabricating step further comprises selecting a material for fabricating at least one of the two or more struts from the group consisting of metal, ceramic, metal-ceramic (cermet), glass, glass-ceramic, polymer, composite and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the fabricating step further comprises selecting a metallic material for fabricating at least one of the two or more struts from the group consisting of titanium, titanium alloy, zirconium, zirconium alloy, niobium, niobium alloy, tantalum, tantalum alloy, nickel-chromium, cobalt-chromium alloy and combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of defining a cross section of at least one of the two or more struts with a polygon.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of defining at least a portion of at least one of the two or more struts with a circular cross section.