SURGICAL ROBOTIC AUTOMATION WITH TRACKING MARKERS
Devices, Systems, and Methods for detecting a 3-dimensional position of an object, and surgical automation involving the same. The surgical robot system may include a robot having a robot base, a robot arm coupled to the robot base, and an end-effector coupled to the robot arm. The end-effector, surgical instruments, the patient, and/or other objects to be tracked include active and/or passive tracking markers. Cameras, such as stereophotogrammetric infrared cameras, are able to detect the tracking markers, and the robot determines a 3-dimensional position of the object from the tracking markers.
1 . A surgical robot system comprising:
a robot having a robot base, a robot arm coupled to the robot base, and an end-effector coupled to the robot arm,
wherein the robot is configured to control movement of the end-effector to perform a given surgical procedure, and
wherein the end-effector is interchangeable with other end-effectors each configured to perform different surgical procedures.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the end-effector includes a retractor.
3 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the end-effector comprises a guide tube configured to receive an instrument.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the end-effector is configured to retain an implant.
5 . The system of claim 4 , wherein the implant is an expandable implant, an articulating implant, or a moveable implant.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the end-effector is configured to install a polyaxial screw.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the end-effector is configured to provide bone cement, bone graft, living cells, one or more pharmaceuticals, or other deliverable to a surgical target.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the end-effector includes one or more instruments designed for performing a discectomy, kyphoplasty, vertebrostenting, dilation, or other surgical procedure.
9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the robot performs orthopedic operations.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the robot performs surgical operations on the spine.
11 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the robot performs operations in trauma.
12 . A surgical robot system comprising:
a robot having a robot base, a robot arm coupled to the robot base, and an end-effector coupled to the robot arm, the end-effector having a guide tube;
an instrument receivable in the guide tube;
an implant configured to be inserted in a patient, the implant configured to be detachably coupled to the instrument,
wherein the robot is configured to control the end-effector to perform a given surgical procedure, and
wherein the end-effector having the guide tube is interchangeable with another end-effector configured to perform a different surgical procedure.
13 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the implant is an expandable implant, an articulating implant, or a moveable implant.
14 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the implant is an expandable implant.
15 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the other end-effector includes a retractor.
16 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the other end-effector is configured to install a polyaxial screw.
17 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the other end-effector is configured to provide bone cement, bone graft, living cells, one or more pharmaceuticals, or other deliverable to a surgical target.
18 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the other end-effector includes one or more instruments designed for performing a discectomy, kyphoplasty, vertebrostenting, dilation, or other surgical procedure.
19 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the robot performs orthopedic operations in trauma.
20 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the robot performs surgical operations on the spine.