Production of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and methods for the use thereof
Methods are provided for efficient production of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. In some aspects, methods involve differentiation and selection of DA neurons for a transgenic pluripotent cell population (e.g., cells comprising a selectable marker gene). Cell populations produced by the instant methods and methods of their use are likewise provided.
1. A method for providing an enriched population of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons comprising the steps of:
(a) obtaining a population of pluripotent cells;
(b) culturing the population of cells in media comprising: a BMP signaling inhibitor; a TGFβ signaling inhibitor; an activator of Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling; and an activator of Wnt signaling, an MEK inhibitor and optionally free of added FGF8;
(c) transferring the cell population to a suspension culture in a media comprising a BMP signaling inhibitor; an activator of SHH signaling; and an activator of Wnt signaling, thereby forming cell aggregates, optionally comprising added FGF8;
(d) dissociating cell aggregates and seeding the dissociated cells into a culture to provide a neural lineage cell population;
(e) further differentiating the neuronal lineage cell population in a maturation media comprising neuronal maturation factors to generate a cell population which includes midbrain neuron cells; and
(f) using a transgenic screenable or selectable marker under the control of a pan-neural promoter expressed by cells of the cell population, to provide an enriched population of midbrain DA neurons.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enriched population of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons comprise mammalian midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neuronal cells, the neuronal cells being positive for both LIM homeobox transcription factor 1 (Lmx1) and forkhead box A2 (FoxA2) expression.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the neuronal cells comprise at least 500,000 cells.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the neuronal cells comprise at least 1 million cells.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein cells in the enriched population are positive for TH expression.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pan-neural promoter is a TuJ-1, Map-2, Dcx, Synapsin, enolase 2, glial fibrillary acidic protein, or tubulin alpha-1A chain promoter.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the pan-neural promoter is the Map-2 promoter.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) is free of exogenously added FGF8.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (c) comprises exogenously added FGF8.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (d) comprises a matrix.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cells are human cells.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cells are from a patient with a symptom of Parkinson's disease.
13. The method of claims 1 , wherein the method does not comprise purification of cells using a DA-specific marker.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein enriched population of midbrain DA neurons comprises at least 1×10 2 , 1×10 3 , 1×10 4 , 1×10 5 , or 1×10 6 midbrain DA neuron cells.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the BMP signaling inhibitor is dorsomorphin, dominant-negative BMP, truncated BMP receptor, soluble BMP receptors, BMP receptor-Fc chimeras, noggin, LDN-193189, follistatin, chordin, gremlin, cerberus/DAN family proteins, ventropin, high dose activin, or amnionless.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the TGFβ signaling inhibitor is A-83-01, GW6604, IN-1130, Ki26894, LY2157299, LY364947 (HTS-466284), LY550410, L Y5 73636, LY580276, NPC-30345, SB-431542, SB-505124, SD-093, Sm16, SM305, SX-007, Antp-Sm2A, and LY2109761.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activator of SHH signaling is Shh, C25II, purmorphamine or a purmorphamine analogue or a Smoothened agonist.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the Smoothened agonist is 3-chloro-N-[(1r,4r)-4-(methylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-[3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzyl]benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide).
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activator of WNT signaling is a glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the GSK3 inhibitor is NP031112, TWS119, SB216763, CHIR-98014, AZD2858, AZD1080, SB415286, LY2090314 or CHIR99021.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the MEK inhibitor is PD0325901, Trametinib (GSK1120212), Selumetinib (AZD6244), Pimasertib (AS-703026), MEK162, Cobimetinib, PD184352, BIX 02189, AZD8330 or PD98059.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell population is enriched for midbrain neuron cells by drug selection.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the drug selection employs a drug selected from the group consisting of G418, blasticidin, puromycin, hygromycin, neomycin, DHFR, GPT, zeocin and histidinol.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the cell population is enriched for midbrain neurons using a screenable marker, wherein the screenable marker is green fluorescent protein (GFP).
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell population is enriched for midbrain neurons using a ligand or antibody to a cell surface marker.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the midbrain neuronal cells comprise a gene encoding a drug resistance gene.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the drug resistance gene encodes resistance to blasticidin, puromycin, hygromycin,neomycin, DHFR, GPT, zeocin or histidinal.
28. The method of claim 10 , wherein the matrix comprises poly-lysine, poly-L-ornithine, laminin, entactin, vitronectin, collagen or a mixture thereof.