Lithium battery electrode and method of manufacturing the same

1. A lithium battery comprising:

a cathode;

an anode separated from the cathode;

a first separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, the first separator having first pores;

a second separator disposed on the first separator, the second separator having second pores; and

an electrolyte filling a gap between the cathode and the anode,

wherein diameters of the second pores are smaller than those of the first pores, and

a standard deviation of the diameters of the second pores is smaller than that of the first pores.

2. The lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein a distance between the second pores is smaller than a distance between the first pores.

3. The lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the second pores are connected to the first pores; and

the second separator is in direct physical contact with the first separator.

4. The lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein the second separator faces the anode.

5. The lithium battery of claim 1 , further comprising a third separator that is disposed on the second separator and has third pores,

wherein diameters of the third pores are smaller than those of the first pores, and

a standard deviation of the diameters of the third pores is smaller than that of the first pores.

6. The lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein the second separator comprises a plurality of second separators, and

the plurality of second separators are disposed on the first separator.

7. A method of manufacturing a lithium battery, comprising:

preparing a first separator having first pores;

forming a second separator having second pores, on a temporary substrate; and

transferring the second separator onto the first separator,

wherein diameters of the second pores are smaller than those of the first pores, and

a standard deviation of the diameters of the second pores is smaller than that of the first pores.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein a distance between the second pores is smaller than a distance between the first pores.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein at least some of the second pores are connected to the first pores.

10. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:

preparing an anode;

preparing a cathode;

placing the first and second separators between the anode and the cathode; and

forming an electrolyte to fill a gap between the anode and the cathode.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the second separator faces the anode.

12. The method of claim 7 , further comprising forming a third separator that is disposed on the second separator and has third pores.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein diameters of the third pores are smaller than those of the first pores, and

a standard deviation of the diameters of the third pores is smaller than that of the first pores.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein diameters of the third pores are smaller than those of the second pores, and

a standard deviation of the diameters of the third pores is smaller than that of the second pores.

15. The method of claim 7 , wherein the second separator comprises a plurality of second separators, each of which is independently transferred onto the first separator.

16. The method of claim 7 , wherein the forming of the second separator comprises:

coating a block copolymer onto the temporary substrate to form a block copolymer film;

applying heat or light to the block copolymer film to form a first block portion and a second block portion; and

removing the second block portion to form the second pores exposing the temporary substrate.

17. The method of claim 7 , wherein the forming of the second separator comprises:

forming a carbon structure having oxygen-containing functional groups;

thermally treating the carbon structure to form pores;

adding the carbon structure into a solvent to form a precursor solution; and

coating the temporary substrate with the precursor solution.

18. The method of claim 7 , wherein the forming of the second separator comprises:

preparing a mold having a protruding portion;

forming a preliminary separator on the protruding portion of the mold; and

transferring the preliminary separator onto the temporary substrate.