Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
The present invention includes a new series of benzofused heterocyclic ligands for metal complexes. These complexes show promising photophysical performance when incorporated into OLEDs.
1. A compound comprising a first ligand LA having Formula I:
wherein ring B is a 5 or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring;
wherein R B represents mono to the possible maximum number of substitution, or no substitution;
wherein Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of carbon or nitrogen;
wherein A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are each independently CR or N;
wherein ring C is a 5 or 6-membered aromatic ring;
n is 0 or 1;
wherein when n is 0, A 8 is not present, and A 5 , A 6 , and A 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CR, NR′, O, S, and Se;
wherein when n is 1, A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , A 6 , A 7 , and A 8 are each independently CR, and the Rs of two adjacent A 5 , A 6 , A 7 , and A 8 are joined together to form a six-membered ring fused to ring C;
wherein each R and R′ in CR or NR′ can be the same or different;
wherein X is O, S, or Se;
wherein the ligand L A is coordinated to an Ir atom;
wherein the Ir atom is bonded to ring A through an Ir—C bond;
wherein the Ir atom is also coordinated to at least one of:
(1) a ligand L B and the compound has a structure Ir(L A )(L B ) 2 , wherein L B has a structure
wherein X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 , and X 8 are C, wherein R a and R b are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof, or
(2) a ligand L C and the compound has a formula of Ir(L A ) 2 (L C ), wherein L C has a structure
wherein Ra, Rb, and Rc are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and combinations thereof;
wherein, when the Ir atom is coordinated to L B , Ring B is pyridine, Z 1 is nitrogen, Z 2 is carbon, and n=1;
wherein each R, R′ and R B is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof;
wherein any adjacent substituents are optionally joined or fused into a ring;
wherein the ligand L A is optionally linked with ligand L B or ligand L C to comprise a tetradentate or hexadentate ligand.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X is O.
3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein n is 1, and the Rs of two adjacent A 5 , A 6 , A 7 , and A 8 are joined together to form a phenyl ring fused to ring C.
4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound has formula of Ir(L A ) 2 (L C );
wherein the ligand L C is selected from the group consisting of:
5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the ligand L A is selected from the group consisting of:
wherein R A and R C have the same definition as R B .
6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the ligand L A is selected from the group consisting of:
7. The compound of claim 6 , wherein the compound has the formula Ir(L Ai ) 2 (L Ck );
and
wherein L Ck has the following formula:
8. The compound of claim 6 , wherein the compound has the formula Ir(L Ai )(L Bj ) 2 ; and wherein L Bj has the following formula:
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the ligand L A is selected from the group consisting of:
wherein R A and R C have the same definition as R B .
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the ligand L A is selected from the group consisting of:
11. An organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand L A having Formula I:
wherein ring B is a 5 or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring;
wherein R B represents mono to the possible maximum number of substitution, or no substitution;
wherein Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of carbon or nitrogen;
wherein A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are each independently CR or N;
wherein ring C is a 5 or 6-membered aromatic ring;
n is 0 or 1;
wherein when n is 0, A 8 is not present, and A 5 , A 6 , and A 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CR, NR′, O, S, and Se;
wherein when n is 1, A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , A 6 , A 7 , and A 8 are each independently CR, and the Rs of two adjacent A 5 , A 6 , A 7 , and A 8 are joined together to form a six-membered ring fused to ring A or ring C;
wherein each R and R′ in CR or NR′ can be the same or different;
wherein X is O, S, or Se;
wherein the ligand L A is coordinated to an Ir atom;
wherein the Ir atom is bonded to ring A through an Ir—C bond;
wherein the Ir atom is also coordinated to at least one of:
(1) a ligand L B and the compound has a structure Ir(L A )(L B ) 2 , wherein L B has a structure
wherein X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 , and X 8 are C, wherein R a and R b are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof, or
(2) a ligand L C and the compound has a formula of Ir(L A ) 2 (L C ), wherein L C has a structure
wherein Ra, Rb, and Rc are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and combinations thereof;
wherein, when the Ir atom is coordinated to L B , Ring B is pyridine, Z 1 is nitrogen, Z 2 is carbon, and n=1;
wherein each R, R′ and R B is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof;
wherein any adjacent substituents are optionally joined or fused into a ring;
wherein the ligand L A is optionally linked with ligand L B or ligand L C to comprise a tetradentate or hexadentate ligand.
12. The OLED of claim 11 , wherein the organic layer is an emissive layer and the compound is an emissive dopant or a non-emissive dopant.
13. The OLED of claim 11 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein host comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of triphenylene, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, azatriphenylene, azacarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, and aza-dibenzoselenophene.
14. The OLED of claim 11 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein the host is selected from the group consisting of:
and combinations thereof.
15. A consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound having a ligand of Formula I:
wherein ring B is a 5 or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring;
wherein R B represents mono to the possible maximum number of substitution, or no substitution;
wherein Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of carbon or nitrogen;
wherein A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are each independently CR or N;
wherein ring C is a 5 or 6-membered aromatic ring;
n is 0 or 1;
wherein when n is 0, A 8 is not present, and A 5 , A 6 , and A 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of CR, NR′, O, S, and Se;
wherein when n is 1, A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , A 6 , A 7 , and A 8 are each independently CR, and the Rs of two adjacent A 5 , A 6 , A 7 , and A 8 are joined together to form a six-membered ring fused to ring A or ring C;
wherein each R and R′ in CR or NR′ can be the same or different;
wherein X is O, S, or Se;
wherein the ligand L A is coordinated to an Ir atom;
wherein the Ir atom is bonded to ring A through an Ir—C bond;
wherein the Ir atom is also coordinated to at least one of:
(1) a ligand L B and the compound has a structure Ir(L A )(L B ) 2 , wherein L B has a structure
wherein X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 , and X 8 are C, wherein R a and R b are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof, or
(2) a ligand L C and the compound has a formula of Ir(L A ) 2 (L C ), wherein L C has a structure
wherein Ra, Rb, and Rc are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and combinations thereof;
wherein, when the Ir atom is coordinated to L B , Ring B is pyridine, Z 1 is nitrogen, Z 2 is carbon, and n=1;
wherein each R, R′ and R B is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof;
wherein any adjacent substituents are optionally joined or fused into a ring;
wherein the ligand L A is optionally linked with ligand L B or ligand L C to comprise a tetradentate or hexadentate ligand.
16. The consumer product of claim 15 , wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of a flat panel display, a computer monitor, a medical monitors television, a billboard, a light for interior or exterior illumination and/or signaling, a heads-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a laser printer, a telephone, a cell phone, tablet, a phablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a micro-display that is less than 2 inches diagonal, a 3-D display, a virtual reality or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall comprising multiple displays tiled together, a theater or stadium screen, and a sign.