Pulling device for a vehicle, in particular for a railway vehicle, having an improved security
The pulling device includes at least one motor; an epicyclic (or planetary) gear train comprising a first element, a second element, and a third element selected from an internal sun gear, an external ring gear, and a planet carrier, the first element being integrally secured in rotation with the output shaft of the motor, the second element being designed to drive an axle of the vehicle in rotation; the detection means detecting an anomaly with respect to the motor; the releasable locking means, that are capable of assuming a locking configuration locking the third element in rotation, and a release configuration for releasing the third element; and the control means command—controlling the maintaining of the locking means in the locking configuration when no anomaly is detected, and moving of the locking means into the release configuration when an anomaly is detected.
1. A pulling device for pulling a vehicle, that includes at least one motor comprising an output shaft, comprising:
an epicyclic gear train, comprising a first element, a second element, and a third element all selected from an internal sun gear, an external ring gear, and a planet carrier carrying planet gears that engage by intermeshing with the internal sun gear and with the external ring gear, the first element being integrally secured in rotation with the output shaft, the second element being designed to drive an axle of the vehicle in rotation;
an anomaly detector detecting an anomaly with respect to the motor;
a releasable locker, that is capable of assuming a locking configuration in which it immobilises the third element in rotation, and a release configuration in which the third element is released so as to be freely rotatable; and
a controller controlling the releasable locker, that is capable of maintaining the releasable locker in the locking configuration when the anomaly detector does not detect the anomaly, and of moving the releasable locker into the release configuration when the anomaly detector detects the anomaly.
2. The pulling device according to claim 1 , in which the motor is a synchronous motor.
3. The pulling device according to claim 1 , in which the anomaly is a short circuit, in the motor or in an electric power supply circuit of the motor.
4. The pulling device according to claim 1 , in which the releasable locker comprises at least one brake that is configured to clamp the third element into the locking configuration and release the third element into the release configuration.
5. The pulling device according to claim 1 , in which the third element is formed by the external ring gear and includes a ring comprising an internal toothed surface that engages by intermeshing with the planet gears, the releasable locker comprising at least one brake that is configured to clamp the ring into the locking configuration and release the ring into the release configuration.
6. The pulling device according to claim 1 , in which the second element is formed by the planet carrier and includes a toothed circular portion designed to engage by intermeshing with a complementary gear carried by the axle.
7. The pulling device according to claim 1 , further comprising an inverter that supplies power to the motor.
8. A railway vehicle that includes at least one bogie provided with at least one axle, wherein in that it includes at least one pulling device that includes at least one motor comprising an output shaft, the pulling device comprising:
an epicyclic gear train, comprising a first element, a second element, and a third element all selected from an internal sun gear, an external ring gear, and a planet carrier carrying planet gears that engage by intermeshing with the internal sun gear and with the external ring gear, the first element being integrally secured in rotation with the output shaft, the second element being designed to drive the at least one axle of the vehicle in rotation;
an anomaly detector detecting an anomaly with respect to the motor;
a releasable locker, that is capable of assuming a locking configuration in which it immobilises the third element in rotation, and a release configuration in which the third element is released so as to be freely rotatable; and
a controller controlling the releasable locker that is capable of maintaining the releasable locker in the locking configuration when the anomaly detector does not detect the anomaly, and of moving the releasable locker into the release configuration when the anomaly detector detects the anomaly, and in which the epicyclic gear train is kinematically connected to the said axle.
9. A protection method for protecting a pulling device that includes at least one motor comprising an output shaft, the pulling device comprising:
an epicyclic gear train, comprising a first element, a second element, and a third element all selected from an internal sun gear, an external ring gear, and a planet carrier carrying planet gears that engage by intermeshing with the internal sun gear and with the external ring gear, the first element being integrally secured in rotation with the output shaft, the second element being designed to drive an axle of the vehicle in rotation;
an anomaly detector detecting an anomaly with respect to the motor;
a releasable locker, that is capable of assuming a locking configuration in which it immobilises the third element in rotation, and a release configuration in which the third element is released so as to be freely rotatable; and
a controller controlling the releasable locker, that is capable of maintaining the releasable locker in the locking configuration when the anomaly detector does not detect the anomaly, and of moving the releasable locker into the release configuration when the anomaly detector detects the anomaly,
wherein the anomaly detector continuously monitors the motor so as to detect the presence of an anomaly therein; and
wherein when an anomaly is detected, the controller moves the releasable locker into the release configuration.