Sugar extract
This invention relates to novel extracts from sugar cane and sugar beet molasses and the characterization of those extracts. The extracts are enriched in hydrophobic compounds including polyphenols, in levels 5 to 10 fold higher than found in molasses itself methods for extracting the extract are also described, together with new uses for the extracts as food ingredients, food modifiers and therapeutic substances.
1. A method for producing a molasses extract comprising the steps of:
a. diluting the molasses to produce a 10 to 40% w/v aqueous solution;
b. optionally filtering the diluted molasses produced in step (a);
c. contacting the diluted molasses with a hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent under conditions sufficient to enable binding of hydrophobic compounds to the adsorbent and flow through of all other compounds in the diluted molasses;
d. optionally passing the flow through from step (c) over the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent at least once;
e. optionally rinsing the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent; and
f. eluting the compounds bound to the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent to produce the extract;
wherein the hydrophobic compounds are eluted with 30 to 70% ethanol; and
wherein the molasses extract has a high relative abundance of hydrophobic compounds including polyphenols and wherein the extract comprises:
at least 9000 mg catechin equivalent/100 g of hydrophobic polyphenols in a mixture of free form polyphenols selected from the group consisting of apigenin, catechin, catechin gallate, epicatechin, kaempherol, luteolin, quercetin, tricin, myricetin and diosmetin; polyphenol glycosides selected from diosmin, tricin-7-O-neohesperidoside, orientin, vitexin, luteolin-8-C-(rhamnosylglucoside), schaftoside, isoschaftoside and rutin; and phenolic acids, selected from caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid and vanillic acid;
one or more trace elements selected from the group consisting of calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium and sodium;
protein and other nitrogen-containing compounds;
carbohydrates other than monosaccharides and sucrose; and
less than 2 g of monosaccharides and sucrose per 100 g of extract.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method does not include a centrifugation step.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the filtration step of (b) does not include ultrafiltration.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the filtration step of (b) includes filtering the diluted molasses produced in step (a) through a microfiltration membrane.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the microfiltration includes a membrane with a pore size of between 0.1 to 0.5 micron.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the membrane has a pore size of 0.1 micron.
7. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic compounds are eluted with 70% ethanol.
8. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the molasses extract comprises at least one of diosmin, chlorogenic acid, and syringic acid.
9. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the molasses extract comprises at least 18000 mg catechin equivalent/100 g of hydrophobic polyphenols.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the molasses extract comprises at least 21000 mg catechin equivalent/100 g of hydrophobic polyphenols.
11. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the molasses extract has less than 1 g of monosaccharides and sucrose per 100 g of extract.
12. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent is a polystyrene adsorbent.
13. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent is a food grade adsorbent.
14. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent is Amberlite XAD16 or FPX66.
15. The method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein the method includes the filtration step (b) and no other pre-treatment steps prior to step (c).
16. A method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein step (c) comprises loading the diluted molasses on to the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent at a flow rate of 2 to 6 L/min.
17. A method according to claim 16 , wherein the flow rate is 4 L/min.
18. A method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein in step (c) the diluted molasses is in contact with the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent for a period of 30-120 minutes.
19. A method according to claim 18 , wherein in step (c) the diluted molasses is in contact with the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent for at least 60 minutes, at ambient temperature.
20. A method according to any one of claim 1 , wherein in step (d) the flow through from step (c) is passed over the hydrophobic polymeric adsorbent once or twice.