Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same
A display apparatus includes: a substrate; a pixel electrode above the substrate; a first low reflection layer spaced apart from the pixel electrode at a same layer as the pixel electrode and comprising a lower layer having conductivity and an upper layer above the lower layer; a pixel-defining layer above the first low reflection layer and having an opening exposing at least a part of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer above the pixel electrode and comprising an organic emission layer; and an opposite electrode above the intermediate layer.
1. A display apparatus comprising:
a substrate;
a pixel electrode above the substrate;
a first low reflection layer spaced apart from the pixel electrode at a same layer as the pixel electrode and comprising a lower layer having conductivity and an upper layer above the lower layer;
a pixel-defining layer above the first low reflection layer and having an opening exposing at least a part of the pixel electrode;
an intermediate layer above the pixel electrode and comprising an organic emission layer; and
an opposite electrode above the intermediate layer,
a low reflection etching layer between an edge of the pixel electrode and the pixel-defining layer.
2. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a height of the first low reflection layer is greater than a height of the pixel electrode.
3. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the upper layer of the first low reflection layer comprises a plurality of layers having different refractive indexes.
4. The display apparatus of claim 3 , wherein light reflected from a boundary surface between the pixel-defining layer and an uppermost layer among the plurality of layers and light reflected from a boundary surface between the plurality of layers destructively interfere with each other.
5. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reflectance of the upper layer of the first low reflection layer is less than about 6%.
6. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein
the low reflection etching layer is between the pixel-defining layer and the edge of the pixel electrode and the intermediate layer,
wherein the pixel-defining layer overlaps the low reflection etching layer.
7. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the upper layer of the first low reflection layer comprises a stack structure of aluminum (Al)/aluminum oxide (AlOx)/titanium (Ti), a stack structure of aluminum (Al)/titanium (Ti)/indium zinc oxide (IZO)/titanium (Ti), or a stack structure of copper (Cu)/indium tin oxide (ITO)/copper oxide (Cu2O).
8. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first low reflection layer is electrically grounded.
9. The display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a thin film encapsulation layer above the opposite electrode and comprising at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer; and
a touch panel above the thin film encapsulation layer.
10. The display apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the touch panel comprises:
a detection electrode detecting a touch signal and comprising a plurality of conductive lines in a grid shape;
a second low reflection layer spaced apart from the detection electrode at a same layer as the detection electrode and surrounding the pixel electrode;
a bridge overlapping a part of the detection electrode on a plane, comprising a plurality of conductive lines in a grid shape, and electrically connected to the detection electrode; and
an insulating layer between the bridge and the detection electrode and having an opening through which the bridge and the detection electrode are electrically connected to each other.
11. The display apparatus of claim 10 , wherein widths of the plurality of conductive lines included in the detection electrode are less than widths of the plurality of conductive lines included in the bridge.
12. The display apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the detection electrode and the second low reflection layer comprise a plurality of layers having refractive indexes,
wherein lights reflected from boundary surfaces of the plurality of layers destructively interfere with each other.
13. The display apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the detection electrode and the second low reflection layer comprise a stack structure of aluminum (Al)/aluminum oxide (AlOx)/titanium (Ti), a stack structure of aluminum (Al)/titanium (Ti)/indium zinc oxide (IZO)/titanium (Ti), or a stack structure of copper (Cu)/indium tin oxide (ITO)/copper oxide (Cu2O).
14. The display apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the bridge comprises a plurality of layers having refractive indexes,
wherein lights reflected from boundary surfaces of the plurality of layers destructively interfere with each other.