Electrolyte additives and electrode materials for high temperature and high voltage operation
A battery including an anode, a cathode, a separator, and a liquid electrolyte including a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent, and an additive compound including a functionalized matrix having a polymer or copolymer or silica. The cathode material can be an NMC or LCO material. The electrode formed from the cathode or anode material can include a matrix additive. The matrix additive can be adhered to the separator or other inert component of the battery.
1. A battery comprising:
an anode comprising an anode active material;
a cathode comprising a cathode active material;
a liquid electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent; and
a polymer matrix additive comprising an inert polymer backbone and insoluble in the non-aqueous solvent, wherein the polymer matrix additive is present within at least one of the anode or the cathode such that one or more of the polymer matrix additives are each independently selected from any other polymer matrix additive.
2. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a functionalized polymer.
3. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a functionalized copolymer.
4. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a vinyl polymer.
5. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a styrene polymer.
6. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a styrene divinyl benzene copolymer.
7. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a poly-4-vinylpyridine divinyl benzene copolymer.
8. The battery of claim 1 one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises an alkene polymer.
9. The battery of claim 1 wherein the polymer matrix additive comprises a polyethylene oxide polymer.
10. The battery of claim 1 comprising an additional matrix additive comprising silica.
11. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a benzyl group.
12. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a trimethyl ammonium hydroxide group.
13. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises a pyridine group.
14. The battery of claim 1 wherein one or more of the polymer matrix additives comprises an alkyl amine group.
15. The battery of claim 1 wherein the cathode comprises cobalt.
16. The battery of claim 1 wherein the cathode comprises nickel, manganese, and cobalt.
17. The battery of claim 1 wherein electrolyte further comprises poly(trimethylsilylphosphate).
18. The battery of claim 1 further comprising a separator, wherein the polymer matrix additive is adhered to the separator.
19. The battery of claim 1 wherein the polymer matrix additive is present only in the anode or the cathode.