Method for enhancing volumetric capacity in gas storage and release systems
The present disclosure provides for a porous gas sorbent monolith with superior gravimetric working capacity and volumetric capacity, a gas storage system including a porous gas sorbent monolith of the present disclosure, methods of making the same, and method for storing a gas. The porous gas sorbent monolith includes a gas adsorbing material and a non-aqueous binder.
1. A porous gas sorbent monolith, comprising:
a gas adsorbing material; including <about 100 cc/L-M volume in pores smaller than about 9 Å size, >about 200 cc/L-M volume in pores about 9-27 Å size, and >about 50 cc/L-M volume in pores about 27-490 Å size, and a part density of ≥0.4 g/cc,
wherein the porous gas sorbent monolith has a working gravimetric capacity of ≤40 lbs/GGE and/or a volumetric capacity of <35 L/GGE.
2. The monolith of claim 1 , further comprising a non-aqueous binder.
3. The monolith of claim 2 , wherein the non-aqueous binder is at least one of a fluoropolymer, a polyamide, a polyimide, fibrillated cellulose, a high-performance plastic, a copolymer with a fluoropolymer, a copolymer with a polyamide, a copolymer with a polyimide, a copolymer with a high-performance plastic, or a combination thereof.
4. The monolith of claim 3 , wherein the fluoropolymer is at least one fluoropolymer selected from the group consisting of poly(vinylidene difluoride), fluorinated ethylene propylene, perfluoroalkoxy alkane, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
5. The monolith of claim 3 , wherein the polyamide is at least one polyamide selected from the group consisting of Nylon-6,6′, Nylon-6, and Nylon-6,12.
6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous binder is present in an amount of no greater than 10 wt %.
7. The monolith of claim 1 , wherein the gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 90 wt %.
8. The monolith of claim 1 , wherein the gas adsorbing material is at least one of activated carbon, zeolite, silica, metal organic framework, covalent organic framework, or a combination thereof.
9. The monolith of claim 8 , wherein the activated carbon is derived from wood, peat moss, coconut shell, coal, walnut shell, synthetic polymers and/or natural polymers.
10. The monolith of claim 8 , wherein the activated carbon is thermally activated, chemically activated, or a combination thereof.
11. The monolith of claim 1 , wherein the monolith has at least one of the following:
the working gravimetric capacity is ≤30 lbs/GGE;
the volumetric capacity is less than 30 L/GGE;
the gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 93 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is present in an amount of about 2.5 wt % to about 7 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is a dispersion of about 50 wt % to about 70 wt % of the binder; or
a combination thereof.
12. The monolith of claim 11 , wherein the part density is in a range of about 0.4 g/cc to about 0.75 g/cc.
13. The monolith of claim 1 , wherein the part density is in a range of about 0.4 g/cc to about 0.6 g/cc.
14. The monolith of claim 1 , wherein the working gravimetric capacity is <28 lbs/GGE.
15. A method of making a porous gas sorbent monolith of claim 1 , the method comprising:
admixing a gas adsorbing material and a non-aqueous binder; and
compressing the mixture into a shaped structure or extruding the mixture in a shape.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising applying heat to the compressed mixture.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the monolith has at least one of the following:
the non-aqueous binder is at least one of a fluoropolymer, a polyamide, a polyimide, fibrillated cellulose, a high-performance plastic, a copolymer with a fluoropolymer, a copolymer with a polyamide, a copolymer with a polyimide, a copolymer with a high-performance plastic, or a combination thereof; or
the gas adsorbing material is at least one of activated carbon, a zeolite, a silica, a metal organic framework, covalent organic framework, or a combination thereof;
or a combination thereof.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the monolith has at least one of the following:
a working gravimetric capacity of ≤40 lbs/GGE;
a volumetric capacity of <35 L/GGE;
the gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 90 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is present in an a mount no greater than 10 wt %; or
a combination thereof.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the monolith has at least one of the following:
a part density in a range of about 0.4 g/cc to about 0.75 g/cc;
a working gravimetric capacity is less than 30 lbs/GGE;
a volumetric capacity is less than 30 L/GGE;
a gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 93 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is present in an amount of about 2.5 wt % to about 7 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is a dispersion of about 50 wt % to about 70 wt % of the binder; or
a combination thereof.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein compressing the mixture includes applying at least 1,250 psi of pressure.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the applied pressure is greater than 1,500 psi.
22. The method of claim 15 , wherein the shaped structure or the extruded shape is a cylinder, an oval prism, a cube, an elliptical prism, an oval prism, or a rectangular prism.
23. A gas storage system comprising:
a container; and
the porous gas sorbent monolith of claim 1 disposed therein.
24. The gas storage system of claim 23 , wherein the monolith further comprises a non-aqueous binder.
25. The gas storage system of claim 24 , wherein the monolith has at least one of the following:
the non-aqueous binder is at least one of a fluoropolymer, a polyamide, a polyimide, fibrillated cellulose, a high-performance plastic, a copolymer with a fluoropolymer, a copolymer with a polyamide, a copolymer with a polyimide, a copolymer with a high-performance plastic, or a combination thereof; or
the gas adsorbing material is at least one of activated carbon, a zeolite, a silica, a metal organic framework, covalent organic framework, or a combination thereof; or
a combination thereof.
26. The gas storage system of claim 23 , wherein the monolith has at least one of the following:
the gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 90 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is present in an amount no greater than 10 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is a dispersion of about 50 wt % to about 70 wt % of the binder; or
a combination thereof.
27. The gas storage system of claim 23 , wherein the monolith has at least one of the following:
a working gravimetric capacity of ≤40 lbs/GGE;
a volumetric capacity of <35 L/GGE;
the gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 93 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is present in an amount no greater than 7 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is a dispersion of about 55 wt % to about 65 wt % of the binder; or
a combination thereof.
28. The gas storage system of claim 23 , wherein the container is configured to withstand at least 1,000 psi.
29. A method of storing a gas, the method comprising:
contacting the gas with a gaseous storage system comprising at least one porous gas sorbent monolith of claim 1 .
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the working gravimetric capacity is ≤40 lbs/GGE.
31. The method of claim 29 , wherein the volumetric capacity is equal to or less than 30 L/GGE.
32. The method of claim 29 , wherein the porous gas sorbent monolith comprises a gas adsorbing material and a non-aqueous binder.
33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the non-aqueous binder is at least one of a fluoropolymer, a polyamide, a polyimide, fibrillated cellulose, a high-performance plastic, a copolymer with a fluoropolymer, a copolymer with a polyamide, a copolymer with a polyimide, a copolymer with a high-performance plastic, or a combination thereof.
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein the fluoropolymer is at least one of poly(vinylidene difluoride), polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene, perfluoroalkoxy alkane, or a combination thereof.
35. The method of claim 33 , wherein the polyamide is at least one of Nylon-6,6′, Nylon-6, Nylon 6, 12, or a combination thereof.
36. The method of claim 32 , wherein at least one of:
the binder is present in an amount of no greater than 10 wt %;
the gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 90 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is a dispersion of about 50 wt % to about 70 wt % of the binder; or
a combination thereof.
37. The method of claim 32 , wherein at least one of:
the non-aqueous binder is present in an amount of about 2.5 wt % to about 7 wt %
the gas adsorbing material is present in an amount of at least 93 wt %;
the non-aqueous binder is a dispersion of about 55 wt % to about 65 wt % of the binder; or
a combination thereof.
38. The method of claim 32 , wherein the gas adsorbing material is at least one of activated carbon, zeolite, silica, metal organic framework, covalent organic framework, or a combination thereof.
39. The method of claim 38 , wherein the activated carbon is derived from wood, peat moss, coconut shell, coal, walnut shell, synthetic polymers, and/or natural polymers.
40. The method of claim 38 , wherein the activated carbon is thermally activated, chemically activated, or a combination thereof.